Ethnologue

Ethnologue
Verkkosivusto https://www.ethnologue.com/
Kaupallinen ei
Kielet englanti
Omistaja SIL International
Avattu 1951 (kirjana)
Nykyinen tila aktiivinen

Ethnologue: Languages of the World on SIL Internationalin teos, joka sisältää tietoja maailman kielistä. Siitä julkaistaan muutaman vuoden välein uusi painos, jonka tiivistetty versio on ollut luettavissa myös Internetissä. Seitsemännestätoista painoksesta alkaen verkkoversio on ollut ensisijainen ja vuosittain päivitettävä[1].

Teos sai alkunsa vuonna 1951, jolloin siinä oli nelisenkymmentä kieltä kuvattuna. Sitä käyttivät ensisijaisesti lähetyssaarnaajat. Taustalla toimiva SIL International on kristillinen voittoatavoittelematon järjestö. Tästä syystä myös Ethnologue on saanut kritiikkiä sekulaarisista piireistä, mutta se on siitä huolimatta kasvanut keskeiseksi lähdeteokseksi kielitieteen alalla.[2][3]

Ethnologuen 19. painos sisältää tiedot 7 097 elävästä kielestä[4]. Annettaviin tietoihin kuuluvat muun muassa puhujamäärä, alueellinen sijoittuminen, murteet ja siteet muihin kieliin.[5] Se on maailman laajin luettelo kielistä. Tiedot joistakin kielistä ovat kuitenkin melko vanhentuneita. Kieleksi määrittäminen riippuu sosiolingvistisistä tekijöistä. Ethnologuessa jokaisella kielellä on yksilöllinen kolmikirjaiminen SIL-koodi.

Lähteet

  1. ↑ M. Paul Lewis: Ethnologue in print and for download ethnologue.com. 1.11.2014. Viitattu 1.10.2016. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ How Linguists and Missionaries Share a Bible of 6,912 Languages The New York Times. 19.7.2005. Viitattu 31.5.2023. (englanti)
  3. ↑ About SIL SIL International. 3.8.2012. Viitattu 31.5.2023. (englanniksi)
  4. ↑ About the Ethnologue ethnologue.com. Viitattu 1.10.2016. (englanniksi)
  5. ↑ Ethnologue collects information about the languages of the world Turun yliopisto. 21.2.2022. Viitattu 31.5.2023. (englanniksi)

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