Cumbia

Kolumbialaisen Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto -yhtyeen cumbiamuusikko esiintymässä harmonikkansa kanssa.

Cumbia on eräs kolumbialaisen kansanmusiikin tyylilaji.

Cumbia syntyi Panamassa. Alkuaikoina se oli hidasta tanssimusikkia, jota soittivat orjat ja intiaanit. Kun Panama itsenäistyi Kolumbiasta vuonna 1903, cumbia oli jo noussut Kolumbian kansallismusiikiksi.[1]

Nykyajan cumbia perustuu 1800-luvun alkuvuosikymmenien Kolumbian itsenäisyyssotien ajan lauluihin, joita esitti Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto -yhtye. Eräs tunnetuimmista cumbiakappaleista on ”La pollera colorá” 1950-luvulta, ja yksi menestyneimmistä yhtyeistä on La Sonora Dinamita, joka nousi suosituksi kautta Latinalaisen Amerikan. Kolumbiassa on satoja cumbiayhtyeitä, ja cumbiaa soitetaan joka tammikuisessa Fiesta de Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria -juhlassa.[1]

Cumbiaorkesteria johtaa yleensä harmonikka. Nykyisin cumbiaa soitetaan joskus kolumbialaisen big band -musiikin tyyliin, ja on olemassa myös esimerkiksi teknocumbiaa. Nykyajan cumbian sanoituksissa on paljon arkikielisyyksiä ja kaksimielisyyksiä, ja ne kertovat jokapäiväisestä elämästä Kolumbiassa.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c Taylor, Claire (toim. Dennison, Stephanie & Shaw, Lisa): ”Cumbia”, Pop Culture Latin America!, s. 23–24. ABC-Clio, 2005. ISBN 1-85109-504-7
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