Christian Knaut

Christian Knaut
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt16. elokuuta 1656 11. huhtikuuta 1716
Halle an der Saale
Kuollut11. huhtikuuta 1716 (59 vuotta)
Halle an der Saale
Koulutus ja ura
Tutkinnot Leipzigin yliopisto, Jenan yliopisto
Tutkimusalue kasvi- ja lääketiede

Christian Knaut (16. elokuuta 1656 Halle an der Saale – 11. huhtikuuta 1716 Halle an der Saale) oli saksalainen lääkäri, kasvitieteilijä ja kirjastonhoitaja.[1] Hänen nimeämien kasvien tieteellisen nimen perässä käytetään nimen jälkeen liitettävää auktorilyhennettä Knaut.[2] Joskus sukunimi kirjoitetaan myös muotoon Knauth.

Christian Knautin vanhemmat olivat Christoph Knaut ja Barbara Viervegen. Hänen 18 vuotta vanhempi veljensä Christoph Knaut (1638–1694) oli myös Hallessa toiminut lääkäri ja kasvitieteilijä.

Suoritettuaan lukion Hallessa Christian Knaut lähti vuonna 1676 veljensä suosituksesta opiskelemaan lääketiedettä Leipzigin yliopistossa. Knaut väitteli tohtoriksi vuonna 1682 Jenan yliopistossa. Väitöskirjan otsikkona oli De fermentatione in sanguine non existente. Palattuaan Halleen Knaut ryhtyi Anhalt-Köthenin prissi Emmanuel Lebrechitin henkilääkäriksi ja palveli samaan aikaan Hallen kaupungin kirjastonhoitajana. Vuonna 1698 hän julkaisi Ballenstedtin ja Ascherslebenin kreivikuntia kuvaavan kronikan.

Christian Knautin tunnetuin kasvitieteellinen teos on Compendium Botanicum sive Methodus plantarum genuina, jossa hän julkaisi kukkivien kasvien terälehtien lukumäärään ja asentoon perustuvan luokitusjärjestelmän. Hänen mukaansa nimenomaan terälehdet ja niiden lukumäärä olivat kukan ydin.[3] Nykyaikaisen kasviluokittelun perusteiden luoja Carl von Linné nimesi kasvisuvun Knautia veljesten Christian ja Christoph Knaut mukaan.[4]

Teokset

  • Antiquitates Comitatus Ballenstadiensis Et Ascaniensis Oder Gründliche und ausführliche Beschreibung Der beyden Uhralten Nord-Thuringischen Graffschafften Ballenstädt und Aschersleben. Köthen, 1698.
  • Gründliche Fürstellung etlicher in Hn. Joh. Christ. Beckmanns P. P. neu ausgegangener Historia des Fürstenthums Anhalt befindlicher wieder das Anhalt Cöthensche Hauß begangener Genealogisch- und historischer Irrthümer. Halle, 1710.
  • Compendium botanicum sive Methodus plantarum genuina, qua notae characteris ticae seu differentiae genericae tam summae quam subalternae ordine digeruntur et per tabulas quas vocant synopticas perspicue delineantur; in gratiam studiosae juventutis adornata atque edita. Leipzig ja Halle 1718.

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Cuvier, Georges: 18. Botany in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century Publications scientifiques du Muséum. Viitattu 8.10.2020. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Knaut, Christian (1654-1716) International Plant Names Index – IPNI. Viitattu 8.10.2020. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Barton, Benjamin Smith: Elements of Botany: Or, Outlines of the Natural History of Vegetables, s. 354–. J. Johnson, 1804. Teoksen verkkoversio. (englanniksi) Liite 11: The Method of Christian Knaut.
  4. ↑ Knautia L. Åkerväddar Den Virtuella Floran – Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. 4.5.2000. Viitattu 8.10.2020. (ruotsiksi)


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