Camille Chamoun

Camille Chamoun

Camille Chamoun (3. huhtikuuta 1900 Deir-el-Qamar, Libanon – 7. elokuuta 1987 Beirut, Libanon) oli Libanonin presidentti 1951–1958.[1]

Poliittisen uransa alussa Chamoun vaikutti lähinnä maroniittikristittyjen muodostamassa Perustuslaillisessa ryhmässä. 1940-luvun lopulla Chamoun oli noussut ryhmän keskiöön. Hän pyrki presidentiksi jo 1948, mutta se ei onnistunut, sillä Bishara al-Khuri valittiin toiselle kaudelle, joten hän ryhtyi rakentamaan poliittista oppositiota. Khuri joutui syksyn 1952 yleislakon vuoksi eroamaan, ja Chamoun valittiin presidentiksi. Hänen valtakaudellaan maassa vallitsi todellinen demokratia, lehdistö oli vapaa ja poliittinen oppositio saattoi toimia, mutta hänen uudistuksensa eivät jääneet pysyviksi.[1]

Kun muslimien tukema aseellinen kapina puhkesi Beirutissa 1958, hänen eroaan alettiin vaatia. Hän kuitenkin toimi kautensa loppuun mutta ei asettunut ehdokkaaksi toiselle kaudelle, ja lyhyen tauon jälkeen hänet valittiin 1960 parlamenttiin. Sisällissodan puhjettua 1975 hän nousi vaikutusvaltaiseen asemaan ja oli ministerinä useaan otteeseen.[1]

Chamous kirjoitti useita muistelmateoksia, muun muassa Crise au Leban (1977) ja Mémoires et souvenirs (1979).[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d Camille Chamoun, Britannica.com, viitattu 24.7.2020

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