Alice Lenshina

Alice Lenshina
Alice Mulenga Mubisha
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt1924
Kuollut1978
Lusaka

Alice Lenshina (Alice Mulenga Mubisha, 1924–1978) oli sambialainen uskonnollinen johtaja, jonka perustama auktoriteettien vastainen Lumpa-kirkko nousi merkittäväksi poliittiseksi tekijäksi. Lopulta kirkon kannattajien ja hallitsevan UNIP-puolueen väliset yhteenotot johtivat noin 700 ihmisen kuolemaan. Lenshina itse pidätettiin ja hän kuoli Lusakassa vuonna 1978.

Elämäkerta

Alice Lenshina eli alkuperäiseltä nimeltään Alice Mulenga Mubisha syntyi vuonna 1924 tuolloisessa Pohjois-Rhodesiassa eli nykyisessä Sambiassa. Etniseltä taustaltaan hän oli bemba. 1950-luvulla hän ajautui kahnauksiin Lubwan presbyteriaanisen kirkon lähetyssaarnaajien kanssa. Tämän jälkeen hän perusti Lumpa-kirkon ja otti kuningatarta tarkoittavan nimen Lenshina.[1]

Lenshina tunnettiin etenkin näyistään, joista kertovat tarinat houkuttelivat nopeasti Lumpa-kirkkolle suuren joukon seuraajia. Lenshinan kirkon oppeihin kuului myös kaikenlaisten auktoriteettien hylkääminen. Kirkko vastusti niin brittiläistä virkamaahallintoa, kuin alueen perinteisiä heimopäällikköjäkin. Sambian itsenäistyessä vuonna 1964 kirkko vastusti myös uutta valtiota. Suuren kannattajajoukkonsa takia Lenshinan kirkosta nousi nopeasti myös merkittävä poliittinen tekijä.[1]

Sambian itsenäistyttyä maan johtoon nousi United National Independence Party eli UNIP. UNIP näki Lenshinan merkittävänä uhkana omalle hallinnolleen. Lenshina oli esimerkiksi käskenyt kannattajansa polttamaan puolueen jäsenkirjansa. Lenshinan ja UNIP:n kannattajien välillä puhkesi väkivaltaisia yhteenottoja. UNIP:n jäsenet polttivat Lenshinan kannattajien taloja ja Lenshinan kannattajat vastasivat kostoiskuin esimerkiksi surmaamalla UNIP:njäseniä. Valtion puuttuessa asioihin väkivaltaisuudet kiihtyivät ja lopulta noin 700 Lenshinan kannattajaa oli saanut surmansa. Lenshina itse pidätettiin ja Lumpa-kirkko kiellettiin.[1]

Lenshina vapautui vuonna 1975. Hän uhmasi kirkolleen asetettua toimintakieltoa ja jatkoi saarnaamista. Hänet pidätettiin uudelleen vuonna 1977. Lopulta hänen ei sallittu poistua Lusakasta, jossa hän kuoli vuonna 1978.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d R. Hunt Davis, Jr.: Encyclopedia of African History and Culture, s. 241-242. (Volume V) Facts on File. ISBN 0-8160-5201-8 (englanniksi)

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