Adenosiini

Adenosiini

Tunnisteet
IUPAC-nimi	2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yyli)-5-(hydroksimetyyli)oksolaani-3,4-dioli
CAS-numero	58-61-7
PubChem CID	60961
SMILES	C1=NC2=C(C(=N1)N)N=CN2C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O
Ominaisuudet
Molekyylikaava	C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄
Moolimassa	267,242 g/mol
Sulamispiste	235,5 °C^[1]
Liukoisuus veteen	8,23 g/l (25 °C)^[1]
Infobox OK

Adenosiini on nukleosidi, joka koostuu adeniinista, joka liittyy riboosi-renkaaseen β-N₉-glykosidisidoksella.

Adenosiini säätelee uni-valverytmiä kertymällä etuaivojen valvetta ylläpitävälle kolinergiselle alueelle. Adenosiiniin kertyminen hiljentää kolinergisen alueen toimintaa edesauttaen nukahtamista. Mitä pitempään valvominen kestää, sitä enemmän adenosiinia kertyy ja sitä suuremmaksi unipaine kasvaa^[2].

Adenosiinin fosfaattijohdannaiset ovat keskeisiä biologisissa prosesseissa, kuten energian siirrossa: adenosiinitrifosfaatti (ATP) ja adenosiinidifosfaatti (ADP) ovat solujen energiatalouden tärkeimmät molekyylit. Syklinen adenosiinimonofosfaatti (cAMP) on erittäin yleinen molekyyli signaalinvälityksessä.

Lähteet

↑ ^a ^b Adenosine NLM Viitattu 14.06.2012
↑ Alanko Lauri 2005: Adenosine during prolonged wakefulness in the rat brain. Väitöskirja. Helsingin yliopiston lääketieteellinen tiedekunta. http://notes.helsinki.fi/halvi/tiedotus/vanhatvaitokset.nsf/504ca249c786e20f85256284006da7ab/08ba654401dce2f0c22570e6002de49d?OpenDocument (Arkistoitu – Internet Archive)

Aiheesta muualla

Wikimedia Commonsissa on kuvia tai muita tiedostoja aiheesta Adenosiini.

Terveysportti: Adenosiini
PubChem: Adenosine (englanniksi)
Human Metabolome Database (HMDB): Adenosine (englanniksi)
Food Component Database (FooDB): Adenosine (englanniksi)
DrugBank: Adenosine (englanniksi)
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG): Adenosine (englanniksi)
PheroBase: Semiochemical - adenosine (englanniksi)
Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases: Adenosine (englanniksi)

Nukleiinihapot ja niiden rakenneosat

Nukleosidien rakenneosat

Emäkset

Puriinit	Adeniini Guaniini
Pyrimidiinit	Tymiini Urasiili Sytosiini

Sokerit

Nukleiinihappojen rakenneosat

Nukleosidit	Adenosiini Uridiini Guanosiini Sytidiini Deoksiadenosiini Tymidiini Deoksiguanosiini Deoksisytidiini
Nukleotidit	AMP UMP GMP CMP ADP UDP GDP CDP ATP UTP GTP CTP cAMP cADPR cGMP
Deoksiribonukleotidit	dAMP dUMP TMP dGMP dCMP dADP TDP dGDP dCDP dATP TTP dGTP dCTP

Nukleiinihapot

Ribonukleiinihapot	RNA mRNA tRNA rRNA ncRNA sgRNA shRNA siRNA snRNA miRNA snoRNA LNA
Deoksiribonukleiinihapot	DNA mtDNA cDNA plasmidi kosmidi BAC YAC HAC
Nukleiinihappojen analogit	GNA PNA TNA morpholino

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