Ševtšenkon tieteellinen seura

Ševtšenkon tieteellinen seura (ukr. Наукове товариство ім. Шевченка, НТШ eli NTŠ) on vanhin ukrainalainen tieteellinen seura, ja se oli pitkään Ukrainan ainoa huomattava tieteellinen seura.[1]

Seura perustettiin 11. joulukuuta 1873 Lvivissä. Perustettaessa sen nimi oli Ševtšenkon seura (Tovarystvo im. Ševtšenka). Tehtäväksi sille tuli aluksi ukrainalaisen kirjallisuuden kehittymisen edistäminen. Seuran perustajat olivat ukrainalaista kulttuuriväkeä molemmin puolin Itävallan–Venäjän rajaa. Johtohahmo oli Oleksandr Konyskyi, ja tukijoihin kuuluivat Jelysaveta Myloradovytš, Dmytro Pyltšykov, Myhailo Žutšenko ja Stepan Katšala. Ensimmäisenä toimenaan seura osti kirjapainon ja kustantamon 1874. Vuonna 1891 sillä oli jo 20 julkaistua kirjaa, joista yksi oli Omelian Ohonovskyin uraauurtava kolmiosainen Ukrainan kirjallisuushistoria, sekä aikakauslehdet Pravda (1878–1889) ja Zoria (Lviv; vuodesta 1885). Seuran ensimmäiset puheenjohtajat olivat Kornylo Suškevytš (1874–1885), Sydir Hromnytskyi (1885–1886, 1887–1890), Demian Hladylovytš (1886–1887, 1890–1882) ja Julijan Tselevytš (1892). Historioitsija Myh’ailo Hruševskyi‎n puheenjohtajakaudella (1897–1913) seurasta tuli käytännössä Ukrainan epävirallinen tiedeakatemia.[1]

Seuran toiminta lakkautettiin 1940, ja sen omaisuus otettiin valtiolle. Seuran jäseniä katosi tai heidän toimintansa estettiin, ja monet siirtyivät länteen.[1]

Seuran toiminta elvytettiin Münchenissä 1947. Ukrainalaisia pakolaisia muutti suuret määrät Amerikkaan, ja paikallisosastoja perustettiin Yhdysvaltoihin, Kanadaan ja Australiaan. Seura alkoi julkaista ensyklopedioita, jotka muodostavat Encyclopedia of Ukrainen pohjan, ja sillä on muutenkin laajaa julkaisutoimintaa. Se on laajentanut tutkimus- ja julkaisutoimintaa monille aloille.[1]

Ševtšenkon tieteellisen seuran toiminta Lvivissä käynnistettiin uudestaan 1989.[1]

Seura jakaa Ukrainan Ševtšenkon kansallista palkintoa.[2]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d e Bohdan Kravtsiv, Volodymyr Kubijovy: Shevchenko Scientific Society Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. 1993. Viitattu 1.5.2022. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ From the history of Taras Shevchenko National Prize Ševtšenkon tieteellinen seura

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