Programatzaile

Programatzaile bat programatzen diharduen pertsona da, hau da, ordenagailuetan edo konputagailuetan idazteaz arduratzen den pertsona. Programatzaileak software garatzaile izenarekin ere ezagunak dira.

Herrialde gehienetan, programatzailea lan kategoria ezaguna ere bada. Programatzera dedikatzen den pertsonaren lan-postu izena hain zuzen ere.

Historiari buruz aipamen laburra

Ada Lovelace, Lord Byron poeta ezagunaren alaba, historiako lehen programatzailetzat hartzen da. 1842an Charles Babbage matematikariarekin elkarlanean ibili zen eta honen makina analitikoan egin zuen bere ekarpena: Bernouilliren zenbakiak kalkulatzeko sistema bat.

Ada Lovelace

Deskribapena

Programatzailea konputagailuak uler dezakeen programazio lengoaia erabiliz prototipoak ezartzeaz arduratzen da.

Hasiera batean, programatzailearen lana Taylorren jarraitzaileen ikuspuntutik txertatu zen, hau da, enpresaren funtzioetara espezializatua. Honela, software produkzioa kategoria profesional bakoitzaren papela argi definitua dagoen lan multzo espezializatu bezala ulertzen da:

  • Analistaren zeregina arazo bat aztertzea eta deskribatzea da, ondoren informazio sistema batekin irtenbidea aurkitzeko helburua duelarik.
  • Programatzailearen zeregin bakarra analistaren argibideak ordenagailuak egikaritu ditzakeen kodeetan ezartzea da. Argibide guzti hauek karga kuaderno deiturikoan biltzen dira, bi lankideen arteko komunikazio sistema delarik. Ikus daitekeenez hau guztiz lan mekanikotzat eta maila gutxikozat hartzen zen.

Gaur egun ikuspuntu hau ez dela egokiena pentsatzen da lan intelektualak burutzeko, softwarea sortzea izan daitekeena bezala. Honela software programatzailearen lanbidea garatzen joan da denboran zehar. Analista eta programatzaileen arteko komunikazio arazoa dela eta (dokumentu bat ez da nahikoa zer egin nahi den azaltzeko) beste lan kategoria bat sortu zen analista-programatzailea deiturikoa. Honen ondorioz, hasierako programatzailearen adiera bazter batean gelditzen da ondorengoarekin ordezkatua den bitartean: funtzio ez hain mekanikoak dituen eta formakuntza jaso duen profesinala.

Analistaren lanbideak ere jasan du aldaketa, software diseinatzalearen kontzeptua sortuz. Hau software ingeniaritzaren aurrerapenei esker etorri da non analistaren lana diseñatzeilearen lanetik bereizten den. Analistak arazoa deskribatzen du (zer egin) diseinatzaileak konponbidea azaltzen digun bitartean (nola egin). Garatuta dauden herrialde gehienetan honek bidea ireki dio diseinatzaile edo software arkitekto lan kategoria berriari.

Ikus, gainera

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