Ácido levulínico

 
Ácido levulínico

Ácido levulínico
Nombre IUPAC
4-oxopentanoico
Fórmula molecular ?
Identificadores
Número CAS 123-76-2[1]
Número RTECS OI1575000
ChEBI 45630
ChEMBL CHEMBL1235931
ChemSpider 11091
DrugBank DB02239
PubChem 11579
UNII RYX5QG61EI
Propiedades físicas
Apariencia Blanco y cristalino
Propiedades químicas
Solubilidad en agua si
Solubilidad etanol y dietiléter
Valores en el SI y en condiciones estándar
(25 y 1 atm), salvo que se indique lo contrario.

El ácido levulínico, o 4-oxopentanoico, es un cetoácido blanco y cristalino preparado a partir de la levulosa, la inulina, el almidón, etc., mediante su ebullición con ácido clorhídrico o sulfúrico diluido. Es soluble en agua, etanol y dietiléter, pero insoluble en hidrocarburos alifáticos.

Usos

El ácido levulínico se usa en la producción de nylon, gomas sintéticas, plásticos y productos farmacéuticos. Es un precursor en la producción industrial de otros productos químicos tales como el 2-Metiltetrahidrofurano, la gamma-valerolactona o el etil levulinato. Además, es uno de los compuestos de los cigarrillos, con la función de aumentar la emisión de nicotina en el humo de tabaco y ligar la nicotina a los receptores neuronales.[2]

Referencias

  1. Número CAS
  2. Doris Cullen et al., A Guide to Deciphering the Internal Codes Used by the Tobacco Industry, Harvard School of Public Health Division of Public Health Practice Tobacco Research Program, Agosto de 2005


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