Ácido 3-fosfoglicérico

 
Ácido 3-fosfoglicérico
Nombre IUPAC
Ácido (2R)-2-hidroxi-3-fosfonooxipropanoico
General
Fórmula molecular C3H7O7P 
Identificadores
Número CAS 820-11-1[1]​
ChEBI 17794
ChEMBL 1160563
ChemSpider 388326
DrugBank DB04510
PubChem 439183
KEGG C00597
C([C@H](C(=O)O)O)OP(=O)(O)O
InChI=1S/C3H7O7P/c4-2(3(5)6)1-10-11(7,8)9/h2,4H,1H2,(H,5,6)(H2,7,8,9)/t2-/m1/s1
Key: OSJPPGNTCRNQQC-UWTATZPHSA-N
Propiedades físicas
Masa molar 18 606 g/mol
Valores en el SI y en condiciones estándar
(25 ℃ y 1 atm), salvo que se indique lo contrario.
[editar datos en Wikidata]

El ácido 3-fosfoglicérico, cuyo anión se denomina 3-fosfoglicerato (3PG) o glicerato 3-fosfato (GP); es una molécula de 3 carbonos, de gran importancia bioquímica, que funciona como intermediaria tanto en la glucólisis como en el ciclo de Calvin. Este compuesto frecuentemente se denomina como PGA cuando se hace referencia al ciclo de Calvin. En el ciclo de Calvin, el 3-fosfoglicerato es el producto que se forma por la ruptura espontánea del intermediario inestable de 6 carbonos formado inmediatamente después de la fijación de CO
2. Por lo tanto, se producen dos moléculas de 3-fosfoglicerato por cada molécula de CO
2 fijada.

Glucólisis

Ciclo de Calvin

En la fase oscura del ciclo de Calvin, se sintetizan dos moléculas de 3-fosfoglicerato, una de las cuales continúa a través del ciclo de Calvin para ser regenerado por la enzima RuBisCO, y la otra se reduce para formar una molécula de gliceraldehído 3-fosfato (G3P). Este es el primer compuesto formado durante el ciclo C3 o ciclo de Calvin. Se trata de una molécula reactiva que puede ser fácilmente reducida.

Síntesis de aminoácidos

El glicerato 3-fosfato es también precursor de la serina, la cual a su vez puede crear cisteína y glicina a través del ciclo de la homocisteína.

Véase también

Referencias

  1. ↑ Número CAS

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