UNIVAC II

UNIVAC II en la Marina de los Estados Unidos

La UNIVAC II (UNIVersal Automatic Computer II, Computadora Automática Universal II) fue una mejora de la UNIVAC I que UNIVAC entregó por primera vez en 1958. Las mejoras aportadas en esta versión fueron una ampliación de memoria de 2.000 palabras a 10.000, utilización de transistores en algunas partes del circuito, aunque la mayor parte seguía estando construida por tubos de vacío. La UNIVAC II era plenamente compatible con la UNIVAC I, tanto en las instrucciones del programa como las estructuras de datos.


Elementos del circuito que conforman el sistema

Tubos 500.000.000
Tipos de tubos 2000
Diodos de cristal 18.000.000
Núcleos magnéticos 184.000.000
Transistores 1.000.200

Las cifras anteriores son aproximadas y no incluyen los dispositivos de entrada-salida.

Programación y sistema numérico

Sistema de numeración interna Decimal codificado en binario
Dígitos por palabra 12
Dígitos por instrucción 6
Instrucciones por palabra 2
Instrucciones codificadas 54
Instrucciones 54
Sistema aritmético Punto fijo
Instrucciones de tipo Dirección fija
Rango -1 a +1

El punto decimal se coloca a la derecha del dígito de signo.

Unidad aritmética

Construcción Tubos de vacío
Modo Serial
Tiempo Síncrono
Operación Secuencial
Incluyendo tiempo de almacenamiento (Microsegundos) Excluyendo tiempo de almacenamiento (Microsegundos)
Suma 160 120
Multiplicación 1.720 1.680
División 3.030 2.990

Tiempos de suma, resta y multiplicación que figuran a continuación incluyen la lectura y la ejecución de la instrucción. El tiempo incluye la formación del resultado en el acumulador. Todas las instrucciones se realizan en tasas de latencia mínima.

Velocidades promedio de operación en microsegundos
Suma o resta 200 (números de 11 dígitos)
Multiplicación 1.900 (números de 11 dígitos)
División 3.700 (números de 11 dígitos)
Comparación 200 (números de 12 dígitos)
Transferencia (memoria a registro o viceversa) 40/palabra + 80/instrucción

Unidad magnética

Capacidad 10.000 palabras; 120.000 caracteres
Posiciones de memoria 0000 - 1999
Tiempo de acceso Cero (Las referencias a memoria empiezan durante el "Time Out")
Ciclo básico 20 microsegundos
Construcción 42 capas magnéticas, cada una de 50 núcleos de ancho y 80 de largo.

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