Ranibizumab

Ranibizumab es un medicamento que ha sido aprobado para el tratamiento de la degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE), en su forma húmeda o exudativa, y que también se usa experimentalmente en el tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética.[1]​

Descripción

Es un anticuerpo monoclonal. Un anticuerpo monoclonal es una proteína que reconoce y se une de forma específica y única a otra proteína del organismo. Ranibizumab actúa mediante la inhibición de una sustancia conocida como VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) o factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular. Se ha comprobado que la administración de Ranibizumab de forma repetida retrasa la pérdida de visión asociada a la degeneración macular asociada a la edad, e incluso puede mejorar la agudeza visual.[2]​ No tiene acción beneficiosa sobre las formas secas de DMAE que son el 90 % de los casos, solo es útil en las formas llamadas húmedas que son más graves y de evolución más rápida. El ranibizumab se administra por vía intravítrea, es decir, se inyecta directamente en el cuerpo vítreo. El cuerpo vítreo o humor vítreo es una sustancia gelatinosa que ocupa la mayor parte del interior del ojo.

Efectos secundarios

En menos del 1% de los tratamientos los efectos secundarios son graves, entre ellos se incluye la panoftalmitis, el desprendimiento de retina y la catarata traumática.

Enlaces externos

Referencias

  1. ↑ Ranibizumab el primer tratamiento capaz de recuperar y mantener la visión en pacientes con DMAE. Publicado el 19-9-2007; consultado el 5-2-2010
  2. ↑ New England Journal of Medicine: Ranibizumab para la degeneración macular senil neovascular. Consultado el 5-2-2010

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