Quechua II

Quechua II
Región	Región Andina, Chaco
Países	Argentina Bolivia Bolivia Chile Chile Colombia Colombia Ecuador Ecuador Perú Perú
Hablantes	1 a 3 millones
Familia	Lenguas quechuas
Subdivisiones	Cajamarca-Cañaris Yauyos Quechua IIB Quechua IIC
Distribución geográfica de las principales divisiones de la familia quechua.
[editar datos en Wikidata]

Esta lengua tiene su propia Wikipedia. Puedes visitarla y contribuir en Wikipedia en Quechua sureño.

Prueba Wikipedia en Quichua norteño en la Incubadora de Wikimedia.

Prueba Wikipedia en Quechua norperuano en la Incubadora de Wikimedia.

El quechua II, también denominado quechua A y wámpuy,^[1] es la más extendida de las dos ramas filogenéticas de las lenguas quechuas. El quechua es oficial a nivel nacional en varios estados: Perú con 1,1 millones, —según el censo de 2017— , Bolivia, con 1,4 millones —según datos de 2009—^[2] y Ecuador, con mil hablantes.^[3] También se habla, sin ser oficial a nivel nacional, en el norte de Argentina —6.000—, el norte de Chile —8.000— y en Colombia —<2.000—.^[2]

Clasificación

En su propuesta original, Alfredo Torero no solo clasificó el quechua en las ramas Q. I y Q. II, sino que además subclasificó el quechua II en tres subramas: A, B y C:

El quechua II A no se describía por características comunes sino por su posición intermedia frente a los quechuas centrales, las ramas B y C, que fueron mejor propuestas sobre la base de sus innovaciones comunes.
- Cajamarca (qvc)
- Incahuasi-Cañaris - (quf)
- Laraos
- Lincha
El quechua II B se distribuye desde los departamentos de Nariño y Putumayo (Colombia) hasta la región peruana de San Martín, incluyendo la totalidad de dialectos en el Ecuador. Sus dialectos suelen sonorizar la consonante posterior a "n" (por ejemplo, [ˈiŋ.ga] en vez de [ˈiŋ.ka]) y pronunciar "q" como [k], perdiendo las vocales todos los cambios que tienen en los demás dialectos cuando son aledaños a esta letra.
El quechua II C viene a ser lo que se conoce como quechua sureño, y se distribuye por la Sierra sur peruana, la puna de la región chilena de Antofagasta, los Andes bolivianos y el Norte argentino. Las variantes del Cusco, Puno, Arequipa y Bolivia, así como la de Jujuy, Argentina, que han tomado prestadas las consonantes plosivas aspiradas y glotalizadas del idioma aimara, pertenecen al subgrupo Cusco-Collao.

La propuesta inicial incluía al quechua de Pacaraos en el grupo Q. II A, no obstante, fue discutida su ubicación junto con la rama Q. I.

Referencias

↑ Alfredo Torreo: El quechua y la historia social andina. ISBN 978-603-45021-0-9.
↑ ^a ^b Las cifras proceden del anexo de Adelaar y Muysken (2009).
↑ https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/documentos/web-inec/Bibliotecas/Estudios/Estudios_Socio-demograficos/Poblacion_Indigena_del_Ecuador.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiU7uTt0crpAhWKm-AKHe9BDooQFjAAegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw2uRLAfAk0yE-5l1XecNusM. Falta el |título= (ayuda)

Bibliografía

Adelaar, W. & Muysken, P. (2004). The Language of the Andes. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36275-7.

Datos: Q1468146

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