Portulacaceae

Portulacaceae

Taxonomía
Reino: Plantae
División: Fanerógama / Magnoliophyta
Clase: Magnoliopsida
Orden: Caryophyllales
Familia: Portulacaceae
Juss.
Géneros

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Portulacaceae es una familia de plantas fanerógamas, con cerca de 20 géneros y 500 especies, desde herbáceas a arbustos, reconocida por la mayoría de los taxónomos. Tiene distribución cosmopolita, con la mayor diversidad en las regiones semiáridas del Hemisferio Sur: África, Australia, Sudamérica y con unas cuantas especies que se han propagado al norte, en las regiones del Ártico.

La familia es muy similar a Caryophyllaceae, difiriendo en su cáliz, que tiene solo dos sépalos.

El sistema APG II (de 2003; sin cambios desde el sistema APG de 1998) le asigna al orden Caryophyllales en el clado eudicots. En el sistema APG III, varios géneros fueron trasladados a las familia Montiaceae, Didiereaceae, Anacampserotaceae y Talinaceae.[1]​

Descripción

Son hierbas anuales o perennes o sufrútices, frecuentemente suculentos; plantas hermafroditas o raramente monoicas. Hojas alternas u opuestas, frecuentemente en rosetas basales, simples, enteras, generalmente carnosas; estípulas escariosas, modificadas en forma de fascículos de tricomas o ausentes. Inflorescencia en cimas o en tirsos, a veces la inflorescencia contraída y racemosa o las flores solitarias o en glomérulos; sépalos generalmente 2, a veces hasta 9; pétalos (2-) 4–6, separados o connados en la base; estambres 4–40, generalmente hipóginos, a veces epipétalos, filamentos libres, anteras ditecas con dehiscencia longitudinal; ovario súpero a parcialmente ínfero, óvulos solitarios a numerosos, placentación libre central o basal, estilos y estigmas 2–9. Fruto una cápsula, dehiscente por válvulas o circuncísil, o raramente una nuececilla indehiscente; semillas generalmente lenticulares, frecuentemente estrofioladas, el embrión grande y curvado alrededor del perispermo.[2]​

Géneros

Referencias

  1. ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). «An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III» (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105-121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. Consultado el 6 de julio de 2013. 
  2. ↑ «Portulacaceae». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden: Flora de Nicaragua. Consultado el 22 de febrero de 2010. 
  • Fl. Guat. 24(4): 207–214. 1946; Fl. Pan. 48: 85–88. 1961; P.A. Rydberg y P. Wilson. Portulacaceae. N. Amer. Fl. 21: 279–336. 1932.

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