Micrurus mipartitus

Micrurus mipartitus
Estado de conservación
Preocupación menor (LC)
Preocupación menor (UICN 3.1)[1]​
Taxonomía
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Subfilo: Vertebrata
Clase: Sauropsida
Orden: Squamata
Suborden: Serpentes
Familia: Elapidae
Género: Micrurus
Especie: Micrurus mipartitus
(Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
[editar datos en Wikidata]

Micrurus mipartitus, cuyo nombre común es serpiente de coral de cola roja, es una serpiente de la familia Elapidae.[2]​ Se encuentra en América del Sur y América Central. M. mipartitus es común en las zonas agrícolas de Colombia.[3]​ Se sabe que su veneno altamente neurotóxico causa convulsiones en su presa al activar proteínas nerviosas responsables de convulsiones.[4]​

Subespecies

  • M. m. mipartitus (Duméril, Bibron, Duméril 1854).
  • M. m. anomalus (Boulenger 1896).
  • M. m. decussatus (Duméril, Bibron, Duméril 1854).
  • M. m. popayanensis (Ayerbe, Tidwell, Tidwell 1990).
  • M. m. rozei (Golay, Chiszar, Smith, Breukelen 1999).(Golay, Chiszar, Smith, Breukelen 1999).[5]​

Características fenotípicas

M. mipartitus tiene un cuerpo cilíndrico que puede alcanzar hasta 1,2 m de longitud.[6]​ Tiene ojos bastante pequeños sobre su cabeza redonda. Los anillos de esta especie pueden oscilar entre 34 y 84 anillos corporales negros que están separados por anillos intermedios amarillos o blancos. El segundo anillo en la cabeza y 3 o 4 de los anillos de la cola tienen un color rojo en contraste con las bandas blancas o amarillas.[3]​

Historia natural

M. mipartitus es una especie de hábitos crepusculares y nocturnos. Durante el período de baja precipitación, puede encontrarse a varios centímetros de profundidad bajo tierra. En épocas de alta precipitación se encuentra en la superficie del suelo o donde abunda la hojarasca. Esta coral vive desde el bosque seco tropical hasta los bosques de niebla y está relacionada con los asentamientos humanos en las zonas rurales utilizadas para la agricultura.[5]​ La dieta de M. mipartitus se basa principalmente en serpientes (p. ej., Leptotyphlops spp.), así como lagartijas (p. ej., Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae), anfisbenas (p. ej., Amphisbaena spp), anuros y cecilias (p. Ej., Caecilia guntheri). Es ovípara, se han registrado unos ocho huevos de color blanco de 2,86 cm de largo, con un peso promedio de 3,06 g. El período de incubación dura entre 73 y 87 días, la longitud total de las crías puede variar de 20 a 21,9 cm y el peso es de alrededor de 3,3 g.[5]​

Referencias

  1. ↑ Ibáñez, R.; Ines Hladki, A.; Jaramillo, C.; Ramírez Pinilla, M.; Renjifo, J.; Urbina, N.; Schargel, W.; Rivas, G. (2017). «Micrurus mipartitus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017». The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T203627A2769221. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T203627A2769221.en. 
  2. ↑ Uetz, P. & Jirí Hošek (ed.). «Micrurus mipartitus». Reptile Database (en inglés). Reptarium. 
  3. ↑ a b Cañas, Carlos A.; Castro-Herrera, Fernando; Castaño-Valencia, Santiago (14 de febrero de 2017). «Envenomation by the red-tailed coral snake (Micrurus mipartitus) in Colombia». Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 23 (1). PMC 5307858. PMID 28228775. doi:10.1186/s40409-017-0100-4. Consultado el 19 de julio de 2018. 
  4. ↑ «Red Tail Coral Snake Venom Activates Nerve Cell Proteins That Cause Seizures». www.reptilesmagazine.com. Consultado el 19 de julio de 2018. 
  5. ↑ a b c «(PDF) Micrurus mipartitus (Duméril, Bibron y Duméril, 1854)». ResearchGate (en inglés). Consultado el 22 de septiembre de 2019. 
  6. ↑ Vera-Pérez L E; Zúñiga-Baos J A; Ayerbe S. 2019. NUEVOS REGISTROS DE LONGITUD Y DIETA DE Micrurus mipartitus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON Y DUMÉRIL, 1854) (SERPENTES: ELAPIDAE) Revista Novedades Colombianas. 14

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