Lecanomancia

La lecanomancia (del griego λεκάνη, "plato, sartén" + μαντεία, "adivinación") es una forma de adivinación que utiliza un plato, generalmente con agua. Como muchas formas antiguas de adivinación, tiene múltiples variantes.

La forma más antigua de lecanomancia parece provenir de la antigua Babilonia, aunque es mencionada en un solo texto. [1]​ Incluso allí, se utilizaban dos tipos de adivinación diferentes. Algunos magos de la corte utilizaban la lecanomancia inductiva, mediante el cual el mago o sacerdote observaba patrones de aceite dentro del agua para predecir el futuro. [2]​ Se cree que a partir de esta práctica se desarrolló la otra variante, llamada, lecanomancia intuitiva, y que simplemente requería que el mago interpretara las ondas del agua a través de la meditación. [2]​

Existe evidencia de que los mesopotámicos utilizaban la lecanomancia inductiva, aunque a veces sustituían el aceite por harina. [3]​

En el Antiguo Testamento, aparentemente José utilizó una forma de lecanomancia en Egipto (Génesis 44:5, "¿No es ésta la copa de la que bebe mi señor y también la usa para adivinar? Maldad habéis hecho.") [4]​ [5]​ [6]​

El pueblo Catawba utilizaba un sistema de adivinación completamente diferente, que todavía se clasifica como lecanomancia, mediante el cual se colocaba un cuenco de agua junto a la cabeza de una persona fallecida. [7]​ Al tercer día de estar presente el cuenco, la familia del difunto observaba el cuenco en busca de ondas, y estas eran interpretadas para determinar el destino del alma del difunto. [7]​

En la Europa medieval, la lecanomancia involucró cuencos de vidrio transparente, que se llenaban con agua para determinar el futuro. [8]​ Esto contrasta marcadamente con las formas anteriores de adivinación, que utilizaban cuencos o palanganas de barro. [8]​

Otra forma de lecanomancia consistió en dejar caer una piedra al agua e interpretar las ondas que producía. [6]​ En otra variante más, se pensaba que los demonios entraban al agua, produciendo ondas que podían interpretarse, y podían también ser obligados a responder las preguntas del vidente. [9]​

Véase también

  • Hidromancia: Método de adivinación por medio del agua

Referencias

  1. ↑ Reiner, Erica (January 1960). «Fortune-Telling in Mesopotamia». Journal of Near Eastern Studies (The University of Chicago Press) 19 (1): 24. doi:10.1086/371554. 
  2. ↑ a b Nelson, Max (May 2000). «Narcissus: Myth and Magic». The Classical Journal (The Classical Association of the Middle West and South) 95 (4): 365-383. 
  3. ↑ Hooke, S. H. (September 1955). «Omens. Ancient and Modern». Folklore (Taylor & Francis, Ltd) 66 (3): 332-338. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1955.9717485. 
  4. ↑ John H. Walton; Victor Harold Matthews; Mark William Chavalas (2000). The IVP Bible background commentary: Old Testament. InterVarsity Press. pp. 74-. ISBN 978-0-8308-1419-0. Consultado el 29 de octubre de 2011. 
  5. ↑ Dessoir, Max (October 1980). «The Magic Mirror». The Monist (Hegeler Institute) 1 (1): 89. doi:10.5840/monist1890114. 
  6. ↑ a b «Lecanomancy». The Element Encyclopedia of the Psychic World 10. Harper Collins. 2006. pp. 384-385. 
  7. ↑ a b Speck, Frank G (April 1939). «Catawba Religious Beliefs, Mortuary Customs, and Dances». Primitive Man (The George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research) 12 (2): 34-42. doi:10.2307/3316471. 
  8. ↑ a b Maguire, Henry (October 1997). «Magic and Money in the Early Middle Ages». Speculum (Medieval Academy of America) 72 (4): 1045. doi:10.2307/2865957. 
  9. ↑ Henry Christmas (1828). The Literary gazette: A weekly journal of literature, science, and the fine arts. H. Colburn. pp. 595-. Consultado el 29 de octubre de 2011. 

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