Idioma protoálgico

Protoálgica
PAc
Región Meseta del Columbia
Era 5000 a. C.
Familia lenguas álgicas
  • Protoálgica
[editar datos en Wikidata]

El protoálgico (se abrevia PAc) es la protolengua de las lenguas álgicas. Se estima que se habló hace unos 7.000 años en algún lugar del noroeste de Estados Unidos, probablemente cerca de la meseta de Columbia . [1]​ [2]​ [3]​ [4]​ [5]​ Es un ejemplo de una protolengua de segundo nivel, eso es, una protolengua cuya reconstrucción depende de otra protolengua, en este caso el protoalgonquino. [2]​ Su principal investigador y reconstructor fue Paul Proulx . [6]​

La meseta de Columbia, el origen de protoálgica

Vocales

Protoálgica tenía cuatro vocales básicas, que podían ser largas o cortas:

largo: *i·, *e·, *a·, *o·
corto: *i, *e, *a, *o

Consonantes

Protoálgica se cree tenía estas consonantes:

Fonemas consonantes de protoálgica
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glotal
central lateral normal labializado
Oclusiva normal *p *t * k *kʷ *ʔ
aspirado *pʰ *tʰ *kʰ *kʷʰ
glotalizado *pʼ *t' *k' *kʼʷ
Africada normal *c /t͡s/ *č /t͡ʃ/
aspirado *cʰ /t͡sʰ/ *čʰ /t͡ʃʰ/
glotalizado *cʼ /t͡sʼ/ *čʼ /t͡ʃʼ/
Fricativa *s *ɬ 1 *š /ʃ/ *h
Nasal normal *m *n
glotalizado *mʼ *nʼ
Líquida normal *r *l
glotalizado *r' *l'
Semivocal normal *y /j/ *w
glotalizado *y' /j'/ *w'
1 La identidad de esta consonante no es segura; en protoalgonquino, a veces se reconstruye como *θ /θ/.

Se desconoce si *č /tʃ/ fue un fonema independiente o un alófono de *c y/o *t en protoálgica. En 1992, Paul Proulx teorizó que protoálgica poseía *gʷ, que se convirtió en *w en proto-algonquino y g en wiyot y yurok.

También, todas las oclusivas y africadas tienen contrapartes aspiradas y todas las consonantes, excepto las fricativas, tienen glotalizadas. El protoalgonquino redujo significativamente este sistema por eliminar todos los fonemas glotalizados y aspirados. [7]​

Referencias

  1. ↑ Bakker, Peter (2013). «Diachrony and typology in the history of Cree». En Folke Josephson; Ingmar Söhrman, eds. Diachronic and typological perspectives on verbs. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. pp. 223-260. 
  2. ↑ a b Paul Proulx, Proto-Algic I: Phonological Sketch, in the International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 50, number 2 (April 1984)
  3. ↑ Paul Proulx, Algic Color Terms, in Anthropological Linguistics, volume 30, number 2 (Summer 1988)
  4. ↑ Paul Proulx, Proto-Algic IV: Nouns, in Studies in Native American Languages VII, volume 17, number 2 (1992)
  5. ↑ Golla, Victor (2011). California Indian Languages. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 256. 
  6. ↑ [1] Amherst Obituary for Paul Proulx
  7. ↑ Paul Proulx, Proto-Algic I: Phonological Sketch, in the International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 50, number 2 (April 1984)

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