Endopterygota

Endopterygota

Taxonomía
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Arthropoda
Clase: Insecta
Subclase: Pterygota
Infraclase: Neoptera
Superorden: Endopterygota
Sharp, 1898
Órdenes
[editar datos en Wikidata]
Holometabolismo o metamorfosis completa en Hymenoptera.

Los endopterigotos (Endopterygota) son un superorden que incluye a todos los insectos con metamorfosis completa (holometábolos), es decir, cuyo desarrollo pasa por tres estadios muy distintos, larva, pupa e imago (adulto); en muchos lepidópteros la pupa se denomina crisálida (del griego χρυσός, chrysos, "oro") por sus colores brillantes.

Cuenta con un total de 850 000 especies identificadas, agrupadas en once órdenes. Incluye a algunos de los insectos más familiares, tales como escarabajos, moscas, mariposas, abejas, avispas, etc. Los órdenes más numerosos son: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera. Además están Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Siphonaptera, Strepsiptera y Trichoptera.

Se diferencian de los exopterigotos (Exopterygota o Hemipteroidea) por la forma en que se desarrollan las alas. En Endopterygota (alas formadas interiormente) las alas se desarrollan en el interior del cuerpo durante la metamorfosis completa.

En Exopterygota las alas se forman en el exterior. Los exopterigotos no pasan por un estadio de pupa, es decir que no tienen una metamorfosis completa. Esta última característica no es exclusiva de los exopterigotos, la poseen también otros grupos de insectos como las libélulas, saltamontes, etc.

El primer insecto fósil holometábolo encontrado data del Carbonífero superior; se trata de una larva eruciforme (en forma de oruga) de tipo mecopteroide-himenopteroide.[1]​[2]​

Sistemática

Superorden Endopterygota

Incertae sedis


Véase también

Referencias

  1. ↑ Kukalova-Peck, J. 1992. Fossil History and Evolution of Hexapod Structures. En:The Insects of Australia, p.:1412-179. Melburne University Press.
  2. ↑ A. Nel; P. Roques; P. Nel; J. Prokop; J. S. Steyer (2007). «The earliest holometabolous insect from the Carboniferous: a "crucial" innovation with delayed success (Insecta Protomeropina Protomeropidae)». Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 43 (3): 349-355. 
  • Borror, D. J., DeLong, D. M., Triplehorn, C. A.(1976) cuarta edición. An introduction to the study of insects. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. New York, Chicago. ISBN 0-03-088406-3

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