Ecuación de Whitham

En la física matemática, la ecuación de Whitham es un modelo no local para las ondas dispersivas no lineales.[1][2][3]

La ecuación se expresa como sigue:

Esta ecuación integro-diferencial para la variable oscilatoria η(x,t) lleva el nombre de Gerald Whitham que la introdujo como modelo para estudiar la ruptura de las ondas de agua dispersivas no lineales en 1967.[4]​ Recientemente se ha comprobado la ruptura de las ondas -soluciones limitadas con derivadas sin límites- para la ecuación de Whitham.[5]

Para una cierta elección del núcleo K(x − ξ) se convierte en la ecuación de Fornberg-Whitham.

Ondas de agua

Utilizando la transformada de Fourier (y su inversa), con respecto a la coordenada espacial x y en términos del número de onda k:

  while  
con g la gravedad de la Tierra y h la profundidad media del agua. La Transformada integral asociada Kww(s) es, usando la transformación inversa de Fourier:[4]
ya que cww es una función uniforme del número de olas k.
   
siendo δ(s) la función Delta de Dirac
  and     with  
La ecuación integro-diferencial resultante puede reducirse a la ecuación diferencial parcial conocida como la ecuación de Fornberg-Whitham:[6]
Esta ecuación se muestra para permitir soluciones peakon, donde peakon o «solitón pico» es un solitón con primera derivada discontinua —como modelo para las ondas de altura límite— así como la ocurrencia de rupturas de onda como es el caso de la onda de choque, ausentes por ejemplo en las soluciones de la ecuación de Korteweg-de Vries.[6][3]

Referencias

Bibliografía

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