DNMT3A

ADN (citosina-5)-metiltransferasa 3A
Estructuras disponibles
PDB Buscar ortólogos: PDBe, RCSB
Identificadores
Símbolos DNMT3A (HGNC: 2978) DNMT3A2; M.HsaIIIA
Identificadores
externos
Locus Cr. 2 p23.3
Ortólogos
Especies
Humano Ratón
Entrez
1788
UniProt
Q9Y6K1 n/a
RefSeq
(ARNm)
NP_072046 n/a

La ADN (citosina-5)-metiltransferasa 3A (DNMT3A) es una enzima codificada en humanos por el gen DNMT3A.[1][2]

La metilación CpG es un tipo de modificación epigenética muy importante en el proceso de embriogénesis, impronta e inactivación del cromosoma X. Estudios en ratones han demostrado que la Metilación del ADN es requerida en el desarrollo de los mamíferos. Este gen codifica una metiltransferasa de ADN que parece actuar en la metilación de novo más que en el mantenimiento de las bases metiladas. Esta proteína se localiza en el citoplasma y en el núcleo celular, y su expresión es regulada a lo largo del desarrollo. Se han descrito diversas variantes transcripcionales de este gen, que codifican diferentes isoformas de la proteína.[3]

DNMT3A, al igual que DNMT3B, tiene actividad de DNA metiltransferasa, DNMT3L no tiene ningún dominio catalítico. Dnmt3a es esencial para el establecimiento de la impronta materna y paterna.

Expresión en células germinales masculinas

Las isoformas de Dnmt3a se expresan en el testículo prenatal en 15.0 dpc, y su expresión continúa en la vida postnatal temprana.

Interacciones

La proteína DNMT3A ha demostrado ser capaz de interaccionar con:

Importancia clínica

Mutación cromosómica que impliquen a DNMT3A pueden ser encontradas en pacientes con leucemia mieloide aguda.[10]

Referencias

  1. Okano M, Xie S, Li E (Jul de 1998). «Cloning and characterization of a family of novel mammalian DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases». Nat Genet 19 (3): 219-20. PMID 9662389. doi:10.1038/890. 
  2. Xie S, Wang Z, Okano M, Nogami M, Li Y, He WW, Okumura K, Li E (Sep de 1999). «Cloning, expression and chromosome locations of the human DNMT3 gene family». Gene 236 (1): 87-95. PMID 10433969. 
  3. «Entrez Gene: DNMT3A DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 alpha». 
  4. a b Fuks, F; Burgers W A, Godin N, Kasai M, Kouzarides T (mayo. de 2001). «Dnmt3a binds deacetylases and is recruited by a sequence-specific repressor to silence transcription». EMBO J. (England) 20 (10): 2536-44. ISSN 0261-4189. PMID 11350943. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.10.2536. 
  5. Brenner, Carmen; Deplus Rachel, Didelot Céline, Loriot Axelle, Viré Emmanuelle, De Smet Charles, Gutierrez Arantxa, Danovi Davide, Bernard David, Boon Thierry, Pelicci Pier Giuseppe, Amati Bruno, Kouzarides Tony, de Launoit Yvan, Di Croce Luciano, Fuks François (Jan. de 2005). «Myc represses transcription through recruitment of DNA methyltransferase corepressor». EMBO J. (England) 24 (2): 336-46. ISSN 0261-4189. PMID 15616584. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600509. 
  6. a b c d Ling, Yan; Sankpal Umesh T, Robertson Andrea K, McNally James G, Karpova Tatiana, Robertson Keith D (2004). «Modification of de novo DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) by SUMO-1 modulates its interaction with histone deacetylases (HDACs) and its capacity to repress transcription». Nucleic Acids Res. (England) 32 (2): 598-610. PMID 14752048. doi:10.1093/nar/gkh195. 
  7. a b Kim, Gun-Do; Ni Jingwei, Kelesoglu Nicole, Roberts Richard J, Pradhan Sriharsa (Aug. de 2002). «Co-operation and communication between the human maintenance and de novo DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases». EMBO J. (England) 21 (15): 4183-95. ISSN 0261-4189. PMID 12145218. 
  8. Lehnertz, Bernhard; Ueda Yoshihide, Derijck Alwin A H A, Braunschweig Ulrich, Perez-Burgos Laura, Kubicek Stefan, Chen Taiping, Li En, Jenuwein Thomas, Peters Antoine H F M (Jul. de 2003). «Suv39h-mediated histone H3 lysine 9 methylation directs DNA methylation to major satellite repeats at pericentric heterochromatin». Curr. Biol. (England) 13 (14): 1192-200. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 12867029. 
  9. Fuks, François; Hurd Paul J, Deplus Rachel, Kouzarides Tony (mayo. de 2003). «The DNA methyltransferases associate with HP1 and the SUV39H1 histone methyltransferase». Nucleic Acids Res. (England) 31 (9): 2305-12. PMID 12711675. 
  10. The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Genomic and epigenomic landscapes of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 2059–2074 (2013)

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