Córico (ciudad cilicia)

Córico
Կոռիկոս -
Lista indicativa del Patrimonio de la Humanidad

Fortaleza armenia de Córico/Kizkalesi.
Ubicación
Continente Asia Menor
Región Cilicia (antigua región)
País TurquíaBandera de Turquía Turquía
División Provincia de Mersin
Subdivisión Distrito
Municipio Erdemli
Coordenadas 36°27′55″N 34°09′15″E / 36.46527778, 34.15416667
Historia
Tipo yacimiento
Uso original ciudad
Cultura Griega, seléucida y romana
Gestión
Propietario Estado
Mapa de localización
Córico ubicada en Turquía
Córico
Córico
[editar datos en Wikidata]

Córico (en griego antiguo: Κώρυκος, en latín: Corycus, armenio: Կոռիկոս) es una antigua ciudad de la región de Cilicia, en la península de Anatolia. Está situada a 15 km al este de la desembocadura del Calicadno (actual Göksu). Al este discurre el río Lamo (actual Limonlu Çayı). El yacimiento arqueológico está en la actual ciudad de Kızkalesi (antigua Ghorgos), en la provincia de Mersin, de Turquía.

Historia

Estrabón no menciona la ciudad de Córico, sí en cambio, habla del promontorio homónimo de la misma región. Tito Livio refiere que el rey seléucida Antícoco III en su expedición a Cilicia tomó, entre otras, las siguientes ciudades: Zefiria, Solos, Afrodisias y Córico (principios de junio de 197 a. C.).[1]​ También la citan Plinio el Viejo,[2]​ Pomponio Mela[3]​ y Esteban de Bizancio.[4]​

En la antigüedad fue una importante ciudad comercial. Después de la conquista de Cilicia por Alejandro Magno en el 333 a. C. estuvo bajo influencia helenística. Tras la muerte del rey macedonio, cambió varias veces de mano en la guerra que sostuvieron los diádocos.

Era el puerto de Seleucia, donde en el año 191 a. C. la flota de Antíoco III fue derrotada por la armada romana. En época imperial, mantuvo sus antiguas leyes. Los emperadores romanos establecieron una base naval allí para la lucha contra los piratas cilicios. En 102 a. C., Marco Antonio el Orador, fue nombrado pretor con potestad proconsular de la región de Cilicia, y enviado a luchar contra los piratas que operaban en sus costas. Conquistó parte de la región e incorporó la ciudad a la provincia romana de Cilicia. Solo tras la muerte de Pompeyo el Grande, la actividad de los piratas fue eliminada en el año 67 a. C.[5]​ En época romana Córico acuñó moneda,[6]​ según refieren Cicerón,[7]​ Livio[8]​ y Plinio el Viejo.[9]​

Referencias

  1. ↑ Tito Livio, Historia de Roma desde su fundación, XXXIII, 20.
  2. ↑ Plinio el Viejo, Naturalis Historia, V, XXII; XXVII, 2.
  3. ↑ Pomponio Mela. «Cilicia». Descripción de la tierra, I,13 (en francés). Consultado el 25 de mayo de 2015. 
  4. ↑ Esteban de Bizancio, s. v.: «Κώρυκος».
  5. ↑ Machatschek, Alois (1967). Die Nekropolen und Grabmäler im Gebiet von Elaiussa Sebaste und Korykos im rauhen Kilikien (en alemán). Viena: Böhlau. p. 13f. 
  6. ↑ Ernst Herzfeld, Samuel Guyer: Meriamlik und Korykos. Zwei christliche Ruinenstädte des Rauhen Kilikiens, Monumenta Asiae minoris antiqua 2, Manchester 1930 S. 91
  7. ↑ Cicerón, Ad Familiares XII,XIII
  8. ↑ Tito Livbio, Ab Urbe condita XXXIII,20
  9. ↑ Plinio el Viejo, Naturalis Historia V, 92.

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