Anastomosis arteriovenosa

Anastomosis arteriovenosa

Esquema de la microcirculación en el que puede observarse una anastomosis arteriovenosa que conecta directamente una arteriola con una vénula.
TA A12.0.00.002
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En la microcirculación, las anastomosis arteriovenosas son pequeños vasos sanguíneos que conectan directamente una arteriola con una vénula sin que la sangre pase a través de los vasos capilares. Se encuentran en pequeño número en muchos órganos y tejidos de los animales vertebrados, son muy abundantes en las mucosas y la piel de las extremidades, donde desempeñan un importante papel en la regulación de la temperatura corporal. No debe confundirse la anastomosis arteriovenosa con la fístula arteriovenosa que es una conexión anómala quirúrgica o espontánea entre una arteria y una vena.[1]​[2]​

Función

  • Termorregulación. En la piel ante situaciones de bajas temperaturas ambientales, las anastomosis arteriovenosas evitan que la sangre se dirija hacia los capilares cutáneos, contribuyendo de esta forma a minimizar las pérdidas de calor.[1]​

Referencias

  1. ↑ a b Arterio-venous anastomoses in the human skin and their role in temperature control. Temperature (Austin). Enero-marzo 2016; 3(1): 92–103. Consultado el 4 de diciembre de 2018.
  2. ↑ Arterio-venous anastomoses in the human external ear. J Anat. 1956 Jul; 90(Pt 3): 309–317.

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