On August 2, 2018, Penrod signed with the Texas Rangers as an undrafted free agent, after he was not selected in the 2018 MLB draft.[1] He made his professional debut with the rookie–level Arizona League Rangers, recording a 6.17 ERA with 11 strikeouts over 4 games. On April 1, 2019, Penrod underwent Tommy John surgery, and was ruled out for the entirety of the year.[2]
Penrod did not play in a game in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[3] He was released by the Rangers organization on June 1, 2020.[4]
Boise Hawks
On May 27, 2021, Penrod signed with the Boise Hawks of the Pioneer League.[5] In 14 starts for Boise, Penrod compiled a 3–4 record and 5.66 ERA with 85 strikeouts across 68+1⁄3 innings of work.[6]
Billings Mustangs
On August 23, 2022, Penrod, Byron Smith, and Juan Teixiera were traded to the Billings Mustangs.[7] In 13 games (4 starts) in 2022, he struggled to a 1–3 record and 7.40 ERA with 20 strikeouts and 2 saves across 20+2⁄3 innings.[8]
Missoula PaddleHeads
On December 12, 2022, Penrod signed with the Missoula PaddleHeads of the Pioneer League.[9] Penrod made 13 appearances (10 starts) for Missoula in 2023, posting a 4–1 record and 2.98 ERA with 65 strikeouts over 54+1⁄3 innings pitched.[10]
Boston Red Sox
On August 16, 2023, Penrod signed a minor league contract with the Boston Red Sox organization.[11] He made four starts for the High–A Greenville Drive down the stretch, posting a 2–1 record and 2.18 ERA with 20 strikeouts over 20+2⁄3 innings.[12]
Penrod began the 2024 campaign with the Double–A Portland Sea Dogs before being promoted to the Triple–A Worcester Red Sox in late May.[13] In 22 games (12 starts) between the two affiliates, he accumulated an 8–2 record and 4.16 ERA with 93 strikeouts across 62+2⁄3 innings pitched.[14] On September 14, Penrod was selected to the 40-man roster and promoted to the major leagues for the first time.[15] He made his MLB debut the same day, pitching in relief at Yankee Stadium.[16]