Yuhuangdong Grottoes

Yuhuangdong Grottoes
Yuhuangdong Grottoes
LocationZhangjiajie, China[1]
History
BuilderLi Jingkai[2]
Founded1807[3]
CulturesTaoism

Yuhuangdong Grottoes[4] (Chinese: 玉皇洞石窟), or Yuhuang Grottoes,[5] named after the statue of the Jade Emperor carved inside the cave,[6] are Chinese Taoist stone sculptures,[7] located on a cliff at the southern foot of Makong Mountain (麻空山),[8] Fengxianggang Township (枫香岗乡), Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province.[9]

Distribution

Yuhuangdong Grottoes, 10 kilometers away from the urban area,[10] are distributed on a section of precipice about 300 meters long from east to west and more than 130 meters high.[11]

History

Yuhuangdong Grottoes were excavated by Li Jingkai (李京开), a Qing Dynasty Yongding country gentry (乡绅),[12] and In 1799, these grottoes began to be constructed in 1799 and it took eight years to complete in 1807.[13]

References

  1. ^ People's Republic of China Dictionary, Volume 5. Commercial Press. 1998. ISBN 978-7-100-03254-4.
  2. ^ "Members of Zhangjiajie Yongding Branch of Jiu San Society visited Yuhuangdong Grottoes". Jiusan Society. Oct 26, 2020.
  3. ^ Yi Xiaochun (2003). Hunan. China Light Industry Press. pp. 156–. ISBN 978-7-5019-3938-1.
  4. ^ Ni Hao. Travel Guide of Hunan. DeepLogic. pp. 75–.
  5. ^ Wang, Kai; Gan, Chang; Ou, Yan; Liu, Haolong (4 July 2019). "Low-Carbon Behaviour Performance of Scenic Spotsin a World Heritage Site". Sustainability. 11 (13): 3673. doi:10.3390/su11133673.
  6. ^ China Self-Help Tour (6th ed.). China Light Industry Press. 1 January 2012. pp. 1303–. ISBN 978-7-5019-8528-9.
  7. ^ Mou Zhongjian (1991). Daoism: A Concise Treatise on Taoism. Qilu Publishing House. p. 697. ISBN 978-7-5333-0214-6.
  8. ^ Sanxiang Resort Tour. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. 1981. pp. 62–.
  9. ^ Hunan Cultural Heritage Atlas. Yuelu Publishing House. 2008. p. 291. ISBN 978-7-80761-040-3.
  10. ^ "Zhangjiajie actually has a grotto through the Qing Dynasty". Ifeng.com. 2019-11-27.
  11. ^ Wan Li (1 June 2011). Huxiang Cultural Dictionary (8). Hunan People's Publishing House. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-7-999008-97-2.
  12. ^ Jiao Chenggen; Chen Jian (1 September 2010). Huxiang Stone Sculptures. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. pp. 313–. ISBN 978-7-5356-3812-0.
  13. ^ Two Thousand Years of Zhangjiajie. Wuzhou Communication Press. 2005. pp. 55–. ISBN 978-7-5085-0618-0.


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