Yeh served as deputy mayor of Taipei under Ma Ying-jeou,[3] and was named a deputy secretary general of the presidential office at the start of Ma's first presidential term in 2008.[4] He later replaced Lin Fang-yue as health minister in September 2008. In May 2009, the 2009 flu pandemic reached Taiwan.[5][6] Before it abated, Yeh resigned his position on 3 August to run for the Hualien County magistracy, but lost a primary to Tu Li-hua.[7][8]
In 2014, he was selected to lead a committee that explored possible changes to the National Health Insurance program.[9] Yeh later chaired the Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, resigning the position in 2017.[10][11]