Wojciech Krzemiński

Wojciech Krzemiński
Born(1933-05-20)20 May 1933
Warsaw, Poland
Died5 August 2017(2017-08-05) (aged 84)
NationalityPolish
Alma materUniversity of Warsaw
Scientific career
Fieldsastrophysics
InstitutionsNCAC in Warsaw
and the Carnegie Institution Observatories
PatronsPolish Academy of Sciences

Wojciech Krzemiński (20 May 1933 – 5 August 2017) was a Polish astronomer and a retired professor of Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of Polish Academy of Sciences. He worked many years for the Carnegie Institution for Science Observatories.

Biography

Wojciech Krzemiński was a student of professors Stefan Piotrowski and Włodzimierz Zonn. In the early 1960s he was active in Lick Observatory and Lowell Observatory in USA, and at the end of the 1960s he received a scholarship at Carnegie Institution. In 1973, he left – as the first Polish astronomer – to Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. In the 1970s Krzemiński actively collaborated with professors Bohdan Paczyński and Józef Smak. In the 1980s he received an offer to take over as administrator or "resident astronomer" of Las Campanas, position which he held for 16 years. He lived many years in La Serena in Chile and returned to Poland in 2011.[1]

Las Campanas Observatory in Chile with a signpost to "Polish telescopes" built and operated at the observatory by Marcin Kubiak, Andrzej Udalski, Wojciech Krzemiński and Bohdan Paczynski

Scientific achievements

Wojciech Krzemiński was one of the first observers, who in the 1960s demonstrated the dual nature of cataclysmic variables. Together with Joseph Taste suggested that these objects are in process of accretion of matter and correctly interpret their light curve change as coming from the accretion disk impacted through a narrow stream of matter flowing through the inner Lagrange point of less massive component of binary star system.

Also in the 1960s, he performed accurate measurements of the brightness of dwarf novae like U Geminorum, discovered on 4 December 1961. The marked eclipse of U Geminorum repeated with a period of 4 hours 14 minutes and 45 seconds for the first time clearly demonstrating that we are dealing with a double system.

In his original model Krzemiński interpreted the observed changes in the light curve as a consequence of the uneven luminous surface of a white dwarf. Soon, however, it turned out that in the case of U Geminorum it is not a white dwarf that is obscured. Correct model of the system was introduced by Józef Smak, which is for a binary system containing a white dwarf and filling Roche surface of star in main sequence, made the accretion disc and the so-called "hot spot" that is the place where accreting matter collides with the disc. It is the emergence of "hot spots" behind the disc and its eclipse by the secondary component that was responsible for the unusual appearance of the light curve of U Geminorum.[2]

In 1964, Krzemiński and Robert Kraft discovered that the star WZ Sagittae (WZ Sge) is a cataclysmic new dwarf of circulation one hour and 22 minutes. This system is interesting in that it erupts approximately every 11,000 days, increasing in brightness by over a thousand. The outbreak is most likely caused by the instability of the accretion disc, which causes periodic falling on the surface of the white dwarf significantly larger portion of matter.

Krzemiński also discovered the optical companion of X-ray pulsar Centaurus X-3, which was named Krzemiński's Star in his honor.

He was also one of the first astronomers who correctly interpreted the nature of polar stars like AM Herculis.

Membership in organizations

He was a member of Polish Astronomical Society, including in the years 1951–1961 when he was secretary of the board.

References

  1. ^ "The side of the world – Ep. 11 Wojciech Krzemiński and Andrzej Udalski". www.TELE – program.pl : TVP Polonia. 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-11-07.[dead link‍]
  2. ^ "Konferencja "50 lat zaćmień U Geminorum"" [Conference "50 years of eclipses U Geminorum"] (in Polish). PAP-Science in Poland. 2011-10-25. Archived from the original on 2017-09-19. Retrieved 2011-11-07.

Read other articles:

Keit Pentus-Rosimannus

Keit Pentus-Rosimannus Menteri KeuanganPetahanaMulai menjabat 26 Januari 2021Perdana MenteriKaja Kallas PendahuluMartin HelmePenggantiPetahanaMenteri Luar NegeriMasa jabatan17 November 2014 – 1 Juli 2015Perdana MenteriTaavi Rõivas PendahuluUrmas PaetPenggantiMarina KaljurandMenteri Lingkungan HidupMasa jabatan6 April 2011 – 17 November 2014Perdana MenteriAndrus Ansip Taavi Rõivas PendahuluJaanus TamkiviPenggantiMati Raidma Informasi pribadiLahir3 Maret 1976 (umur&#...

 

Mesoamerican religion

Mesoamerican religion Mesoamerican religion is a group of indigenous religions of Mesoamerica that were prevalent in the pre-Columbian era. Two of the most widely known examples of Mesoamerican religion are the Aztec religion and the Mayan religion. Cosmology Religious calendar from the Codex Féjervary-Mayer (Codex Pochteca). (Lacambalam 2014)Main article: Mesoamerican cosmovision The cosmological view in Mesoamerica is strongly connected to the Mesoamerican gods and the spiritual world. The...

 

Lambang Kamerun

Lambang National Kamerun terdiri dari perisai dengan pita di atas dan di bawahnya. Di belakang perisai terdapat dua fases yang tersilang. Perisai ini memiliki warna yang sama dengan bendera Kamerun, dan di tengah terdapat peta negara tersebut. Di atas peta Kamerun terdapat timbangan. Pita di bawah bertuliskan nama resmi negara, dan hari kemerdekaannya. Pita di atas bertuliskan semboyan negara: Paix, Travail, Patrie. Fasces adalah lambang kekuasaan republik, dan timbangan melambangkan keadila...

Asam deoksiribonukleat

Struktur heliks ganda DNA. Atom-atom pada struktur tersebut diwarnai sesuai dengan unsur kimianya dan struktur detail dua pasangan basa ditunjukkan oleh gambar kanan bawah Gambaran tiga dimensi DNABagian dari seriGenetika   Komponen penting Kromosom DNA RNA Genom Pewarisan Mutasi Nukleotida Variasi Garis besar Indeks Sejarah dan topik Pengantar Sejarah Evolusi (molekuler) Genetika populasi Hukum Pewarisan Mendel Genetika kuantitatif Genetika molekuler Penelitan Pengurutan DNA Rekayasa ge...

 

Goodyear Tire & Rubber

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Goodyear. Goodyear Création 1898 Fondateurs Frank Seiberling (en) Personnages clés Frank Seiberling (fondateur) Forme juridique Société par actions Action NASDAQ (GT) Slogan Made to Feel Good Siège social Akron (Ohio) États-Unis Activité pneus en caoutchouc Produits Pneu Filiales Dunlop Effectif 64 000 Site web www.goodyear.eu Chiffre d'affaires 15.5 milliards US$ (2018) Résultat net 693 millions US$ (2018) 346 millions US$ (2017) modifier ...

 

Washington Diplomats

Washington DiplomatsCalcio Segni distintivi Uniformi di gara Casa Trasferta Colori sociali Bianco, rosso Simboli Cappello a cilindro Casa Trasferta Dati societari Città Washington Nazione  Stati Uniti Confederazione CONCACAF Federazione USSF Campionato NASL Fondazione 1974 Scioglimento1980Rifondazione1981Scioglimento1988Rifondazione1990 Stadio RFK Stadium, Washington D.C.(55.000 posti) Palmarès Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Il nome Washington Diplomats fu usato da tre differe...

ロバート・デ・ニーロ

ロバート・デ・ニーロRobert De Niro 2011年のデ・ニーロ生年月日 (1943-08-17) 1943年8月17日（80歳）出生地 アメリカ合衆国・ニューヨーク州ニューヨーク市身長 177 cm職業 俳優、映画監督、映画プロデューサージャンル 映画、テレビドラマ活動期間 1963年 -配偶者 ダイアン・アボット（1976年 - 1988年）グレイス・ハイタワー（1997年 - ）主な作品 『ミーン・ストリート』（1973年）...

 

Pork pie hat

Style of headware For the hat similar to a fez, see Smoking cap. For the hat worn by sailors, see Sailor cap. A classic brown felt men's pork pie hat from the 1940s. Note that the bow in the back of the hat conceals a small button on a string which winds around the hat: in windy weather the button would be attached to the lapel of a jacket to keep the hat from blowing away. A pork pie hat is one of several different styles of hat that have been worn since the mid-19th century. The pork pie ha...

 

Snowboarding at the Winter Olympics

International competition sport This article's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2018) Snowboarding at the Winter OlympicsIOC Discipline CodeSBDGoverning bodyFISEvents10 (men: 5; women: 5)Games 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 Medalists Snowboarding is a sport at the Winter Ol...

Пугачёва, Алла Борисовна

Запрос «Пугачёва» перенаправляется сюда; см. также другие значения. Алла Пугачёва На фестивале «Славянский базар в Витебске», 2016 год Основная информация Полное имя Алла Борисовна Пугачёва Дата рождения 15 апреля 1949(1949-04-15) (75 лет) Место рождения Москва, СССР[1]...

 

Данио-рерио

Данио-рерио Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеГруппа:Костные рыбыКласс:Лучепёрые рыбыПодкласс:Новопёрые рыбыИн�...

 

R.E.O. Speedwagon (album)

1971 studio album by REO SpeedwagonR.E.O. SpeedwagonStudio album by REO SpeedwagonReleasedOctober 1971Recorded1970–1971StudioConnecticut Recording Studios Inc.Prison Women recorded at Columbia Recording Studios in Chicago, IllinoisGenreRock, hard rock, psychedelic rockLength38:10LabelEpicProducerPaul Leka, Billy Rose IIREO Speedwagon chronology R.E.O. Speedwagon(1971) R.E.O./T.W.O.(1972) R.E.O. Speedwagon is the debut studio album by American rock band REO Speedwagon. Released in 19...

土库曼斯坦总统

土库曼斯坦总统土库曼斯坦国徽土库曼斯坦总统旗現任谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫自2022年3月19日官邸阿什哈巴德总统府（Oguzkhan Presidential Palace）機關所在地阿什哈巴德任命者直接选举任期7年，可连选连任首任萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫设立1991年10月27日 土库曼斯坦土库曼斯坦政府与政治 国家政府 土库曼斯坦宪法 国旗 国徽 国歌 立法機關（英语：National Council of Turkmenistan） ...

 

Thamos, King of Egypt

Play by Tobias Philipp Statue of Sethos, the only role Mozart named for the play Thamos, King of Egypt (or King Thamos; in German, Thamos, König in Ägypten) is a play by Tobias Philipp von Gebler [de], for which, between 1773 and 1780, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote incidental music, K. 345/336a, of an operatic character. The autograph manuscript of the work is preserved in the Berlin State Library. Early performances It is not known for certain whether the music that Mozar...

 

Філософія

Частина серії проФілософіяLeft to right: Plato, Kant, Nietzsche, Buddha, Confucius, AverroesПлатонКантНіцшеБуддаКонфуційАверроес Філософи Епістемологи Естетики Етики Логіки Метафізики Соціально-політичні філософи Традиції Аналітична Арістотелівська Африканська Близькосхідна іранська Буддій�...

Radang dingin

Radang dinginFrostbiteRadang dingin yang terjadi pada jari kaki setelah 2-3 hari mendaki gunungInformasi umumSpesialisasiObat darurat, OrtopediTipeBagian luar, dalam[1]PenyebabSuhu di bawah titik beku[2]Faktor risikoEthanol, merokok, kesehatan mental, obat-obat tertentu, cedera dingin sebelumnya[2]Aspek klinisGejala dan tandaMati rasa, terasa dingin, canggung, warna pucat[2]KomplikasiHipotermia, Sindrom kompartemen[2][1]DiagnosisBerdasarkan geja...

 

Jalur Watling

Jalur Watling Jalur Watling adalah sebuah rute di Inggris yang dimulai sebagai jalur kuno yang pertama kali dipakai oleh bangsa Britania, utamanya antara kawasan Canterbury modern dan St Albans memakai sebuah arungan alami dekat Westminster. Bangsa Romawi kemudian mengaspal rute tersebut, yang kemudian menghubungkan pelabuhan-pelabuhan Kent Dubris (Dover), Rutupiae (Richborough), Lemanis (Lympne), dan Regulbium (Reculver) ke jembatan mereka di atas sungai Thames di Londinium (London). Daftar ...

 

Darmaya

Darmaya Direktur Kecabangan Pusat Pembekalan Angkutan Angkatan Darat ke-4Masa jabatan13 September 2021 – 25 Oktober 2021PendahuluAgus SantosaPenggantiAkhmad Muzamil Informasi pribadiLahir1963 (umur 60–61)Alma materAkademi Militer (1988)Karier militerPihak IndonesiaDinas/cabang TNI Angkatan DaratMasa dinas1988—2021Pangkat Brigadir Jenderal TNINRP31770SatuanKorps Pembekalan Angkutan (CBA)Sunting kotak info • L • B Brigadir Jenderal TNI (Purn.)...

روس أولبريخت

روس أولبريخت (بالإنجليزية: Ross William Ulbricht)‏  معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (بالإنجليزية: Ross William Ulbricht)‏  الميلاد 27 مارس 1984 (العمر 40 سنة)أوستن  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة ولاية بنسلفانيا[1]جامعة تكساس في دالاس  المهنة عالم حاسوب،  ...

 

Glossary of cannabis terms

A cannabis plant Terms related to cannabis include: Contents 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References 0–9 2 long Slang name for a cannabis cigarette.[1] [See joint.] 420 Slang term for the consumption of cannabis 710 A slang name for hash oil, the word OIL flipped upside-down.[2] [See cannabis edibles and extracts.] A April 20 in Vancouver, British Columbia, in 2012 Part of a series onCannabis ArtsCulture 420 (chan) Books Magu (deity) Na...