William I, Count of Hainaut

William the Good
William the Good
Count of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland
	16th-century depiction
Born	c. 1286
Died	7 June 1337; Valenciennes
Noble family	House of Avesnes
Spouse(s)	Joan of Valois
Issue	William II, Count of Hainaut; Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut; Philippa, Queen of England; Joanna, Duchess of Jülich; Isabella of Hainaut
Father	John II, Count of Hainaut
Mother	Philippa of Luxembourg

William the Good (Dutch: Willem, French: Guillaume; c. 1286 – 7 June 1337) was count of Hainaut (as William I), Avesnes, Holland (as William III), and Zeeland (as William II) from 1304 to his death.

Career

William, born c. 1286, was the son of John II, Count of Hainaut, and Philippa, daughter of Henry V, Count of Luxembourg.^[1] He was the brother of John of Beaumont and Alice of Hainault.

William was originally not expected to become count. After the deaths of his elder brothers, John (killed at Kortrijk in 1302) and Henry (d. 1303), he became heir apparent to his father's counties.^[1]

Prior to becoming count, he was defeated by Guy of Namur at the battle on the island of Duiveland in 1304. Guy and Duke John II of Brabant then conquered most of Zeeland and Holland, but these territories were recovered again when William became the new count in the same year.^[2] William continued the war with Flanders until the Peace of Paris in 1323, during which the Count of Flanders renounced all claims on Zeeland. William, in turn, gained all of Zeeland but agreed to renounce all claims on Imperial Flanders.^[2] William had occupied most of the Bishopric of Utrecht and tried to conquer Friesland but was repelled by Hessel Martena. At the death of his uncle, Guy d'Avesnes, Bishop of Utrecht, William took his fief of Amsterdam and annexed it to Holland.^[2]

Many of his daughters married with important rulers of Europe; King Edward III of England and Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV were married to his daughters, while he was married to the sister of the King Philip VI of France.^[3] With these important alliances William gained considerable influence and respect, which he used to advance the interests of his counties.^[2]

Family

On 19 May 1305 William married Joan of Valois,^[1] sister of the future king Philip VI of France,^[4] and had the following children:

William II, Count of Hainaut (1307–1345)^[1]
John (died 1316)^[1]
Margaret II, Countess of Hainault (1311–1356), married Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor^[1]
Philippa of Hainault (c. 1313–1369), married King Edward III of England^[1]
Agnes (died 1327)^[1]
Joanna of Hainaut (1315–1374), married William V, Duke of Jülich^[1]
Isabelle of Hainaut (1323–1361), married Robert of Namur^[1]
Louis (1325–1328)^[1]
Jan Aelman (1320–1389) Illegitimate son and Knight

Ancestors

Ancestors of William I, Count of Hainaut^[5]^[6]^[7]

8. Bouchard IV of Avesnes

4. John I of Avesnes

9. Margaret II, Countess of Flanders

2. John II, Count of Holland

10. Floris IV, Count of Holland

5. Adelaide of Holland

11. Matilde of Brabant

1. William I, Count of Hainaut

12. Waleran III of Limburg

6. Henry V of Luxembourg

13. Ermesinda of Luxembourg

3. Philippa of Luxembourg

14. Henry II, Count of Bar

7. Margaret of Bar

15. Philippa of Dreux

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 4
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, Vol. XIII, Ed. Hugh Chisholm (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1910), p. 608
^ George Andrews Moriarty, The Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III and Queen Philippa (Salt Lake City: Mormon Pioneer Genealogy Society, 1985), p. 175
^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 22
^ Richardson, Douglas (2013) Royal Ancestry, Vol.1 234-237 (Bar), Vol.3 187-192 (Hainaut).
^ Loud & Schenk 2017, p. xxix.
^ P. Péporté, Historiography, Collective Memory and Nation-Building in Luxembourg, (Brill, 2011), 109-110. – via Brill (subscription required)