Wilhelm Hisinger

Wilhelm Hisinger
Wilhelm Hisinger in Nordisk familjebok
Born(1766-12-23)23 December 1766
Västmanland, Sweden
Died28 June 1852(1852-06-28) (aged 85)
Skinnskatteberg, Västmanland, Sweden
NationalitySwedish
Known forDiscovery of cerium
Scientific career
Fieldschemistry, physics, geology, mineralogy
Author abbrev. (botany)Hising.

Wilhelm Hisinger (23 December 1766 – 28 June 1852) was a Swedish physicist and chemist who in 1807, working in coordination with Jöns Jakob Berzelius, noted that in electrolysis any given substance always went to the same pole, and that substances attracted to the same pole had other properties in common.[1] This showed that there was at least a qualitative correlation between the chemical and electrical natures of bodies.

Career

In 1803, in separate laboratories, Martin Heinrich Klaproth in one, and Berzelius and Hisinger in another, the element Cerium was discovered,[2] which was named after the newly discovered asteroid, Ceres. It was discovered nearly simultaneously by both laboratories, though it was later shown that Berzelius and Hisinger's cerium was actually a mixture of cerium, lanthanum and so-called didymium. The element was first isolated by Carl Gustaf Mosander in 1838.[3][4][5]

Hisinger was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1804.

Death and legacy

Hisinger died in 1852, aged 85.

The mineral hisingerite, an iron silicate, with the formula Fe2Si2O5(OH)4·2H2O, is named after Hisinger. There is also Aluminian Hisingerite which is when one of the iron atoms is replaced by aluminum.

The mountain of Hisingerfjellet in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, is named after him.[6][7]

The standard author abbreviation Hising. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ Berzelius, and Hisinger, W. (1803). In Neues allg. J. Chem. 1, 115-49 (reprinted in Ann. Phys. 27, 270-304 (1807).
  2. ^ "Visual Elements: Cerium". London: Royal Society of Chemistry. 1999–2012. Retrieved December 31, 2009.
  3. ^ "cerium". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
  4. ^ Weeks, Mary Elvira (1956). The discovery of the elements (6th ed.). Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education.
  5. ^ Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2008). "Rediscovery of the elements: Klaproth" (PDF). The Hexagon: 20–24. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  6. ^ "Hisingerfjellet (Svalbard)". Norwegian Polar Institute. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  7. ^ Lauritzen, Per Roger, ed. (2009). "Hisingerfjellet". Norsk Fjelleksikon (in Norwegian). Arendal: Friluftsforlaget. ISBN 978-82-91-49547-7.
  8. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Hising.