Whitefield J. McKinlay

Whitefield J. McKinlay (September 15, 1852 – December 14, 1941) was a teacher, state legislator, and real estate businessman who lived in Charleston, South Carolina and then Washington D.C.[1] The Library of Congress has a glass plate negative portrait of him.[2] In other photographs he is among leaders of Charleston's African American community.[3][4] He was a Republican.[4] Many of his letters remain.[5]

He was born in Charleston, South Carolina to George and Mary E. Weston McKinlay.[6] He studied at Avery Institute, West Point, Iowa College and the University of South Carolina. His years at the University of South Carolina during the Reconstruction era when it was opened up to African Americans ended when Democrats regained control.[7][8]

He was elected to serve in South Carolina's 1868 legislature along with numerous other African Americans and Republicans.

He married Kate Wheeler and moved to Washington D.C. as conditions for African Americans deteriorated for African Americans in South Carolina.[8] Washington D.C. became less inclusive in the years after their arrival as Democrats held power and Jim Crow era segregation took hold.[9] McKinlay was invited to attend the dedication of the Lincoln Memorial in 1922. He and other African American guests learned they were to be segregated in a separate section upon arrival.[10]

References

  1. ^ Martin, Mart (April 24, 2018). The Almanac Of Women And Minorities In American Politics 2002. Routledge. ISBN 9780429976483 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ "Whitefield McKinlay". Library of Congress.
  3. ^ Meffert, John W.; Pyatt, Sherman E. (June 9, 2000). Charleston, South Carolina. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738505831 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ a b Tindall, George Brown (June 9, 2003). South Carolina Negroes, 1877-1900. Univ of South Carolina Press. ISBN 9781570034947 – via Google Books.
  5. ^ Williamson, Joel (September 6, 1984). The Crucible of Race: Black-White Relations in the American South since Emancipation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198020493 – via Google Books.
  6. ^ "Whitefield McKinlay". Oxford Reference.
  7. ^ Schweninger, Loren (2000). "McKinlay, Whitefield (1852-1941), businessman". American National Biography. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1001939. ISBN 978-0-19-860669-7.
  8. ^ a b Sciullo, Nick J. (2009). "McKinlay, Whitefield". Oxford African American Studies Center. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.45866. ISBN 9780195301731.
  9. ^ Staples, Brent (November 24, 2011). "Escape into Whiteness" – via www.nybooks.com. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  10. ^ Yellin, Eric S. (April 22, 2013). Racism in the Nation's Service: Government Workers and the Color Line in Woodrow Wilson's America. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9781469607214 – via Google Books.