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Upper Slaughter
Upper Slaughter
	Upper Slaughter
	Upper Slaughter Location within Gloucestershire
Population	181 (2021)
OS grid reference	SP154231
Civil parish	Upper Slaughter;
District	Cotswold;
Shire county	Gloucestershire;
Region	South West;
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	CHELTENHAM
Postcode district	GL54
Dialling code	01451
Police	Gloucestershire
Fire	Gloucestershire
Ambulance	South Western
UK Parliament	North Cotswolds;
	List of places UK England Gloucestershire 51°54′22″N 1°46′37″W / 51.906°N 1.777°W

Upper Slaughter is a village in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) south west of Stow-on-the-Wold. The village lies off the A429, which is known as the Fosse Way,^[2] and is located one mile away from its twin village Lower Slaughter, as well as being near the villages Bourton-on-the-Water, Daylesford, Upper Swell and Lower Swell. It is built on both banks of the River Eye. The Anglican parish church is dedicated to Saint Peter.^[3]^[4]

Upper Slaughter is one of a handful of the Thankful Villages,^[5] amongst the small number in England which lost no men in World War I.^[6] The village also lost no men in World War II, additionally making the village a Doubly Thankful Village.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] The parliamentary constituency is represented by Conservative Member of Parliament Geoffrey Clifton-Brown. As of 2021, the village had a population of 181 inhabitants, an increase of 4 from 2011.

History

The name of the village derives from the Old English word "slohtre" meaning "wet land".^[11]^[12]

In the past, some Roman burial mounds have found on the nearby Copse Hill.^[13] Thus, it is very possible that Upper Slaughter was a settlement up to 2,000 years ago. More certainly, the manor of Upper Slaughter is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086; the Slaughter family acquired it in the late 12th century.^[14] The current building, on the site of an ancient building, was constructed over many years, starting in the Tudor era. Its crypt is estimated to be from the 14th century.^[15] Moreover, Upper Slaughter was the site of a Norman adulterine castle, built by supporters of the Empress Matilda during The Anarchy of the 12th century. The remains of the castle are marked by the Castle Mound on the north edge of the village.

The largest business in the village is the Lords of the Manor Hotel. The building dates from 1649 since it separated from the Upper Slaughter Manor and has been a hotel since 1960s, furnished with portraits and antiques belonging to its former owner.^[16] Other hotels serving the two Slaughter villages include The Slaughters Country Inn and Lower Slaughter Manor. In 1906, the cottages around the square were reconstructed by architect Sir Edward Lutyens.^[17]

On the night of 4 February 1944 during Operation Steinbock a Luftwaffe bomber dropped 2000 incendiary bombs on Upper Slaughter. Despite some buildings sustaining damage there were no fatalities or injuries. Upper Slaughter is one of the Thankful Villages which lost no men in World War I. Furthermore, the village also lost no men in World War II, making it a Doubly Thankful Village. In the Cotswolds, the villages Little Sodbury and Coln Rogers are the only other villages to share this title.^[18] Noting the contribution of local people to Britain’s war effort, the village hall displays a simple wooden plaque recording the 24 men and one woman in the First World War from Upper Slaughter, all of whom returned. In the Second World War, 36 joined up and 36 came home.^[19]

Geography

The River Eye runs through Upper Slaughter,^[20] culminating in the form of a ford.^[21] The River Eye is a tributary of the River Windrush and it runs down all the way to neighbouring village Lower Slaughter and then eventually Bourton-on-the-Water. Arguably the main communal area of the village its situated near this brook, which is accompanied by a footbridge. Moreover, a large part of the village is situated at the bottom of Copse Hill.

Architecture

Places of architectural interest include:

St Peter's Church is a parish church which assuredly dates back to the 12th century, containing elements of Norman but also Saxon architecture and also memorials dedicated to the Slaughter Family.
The Upper Slaughter Manor was mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086 and was owned by nobleman Roger de Lacy for a period before being taken over by the Slaughter family. However, it was revarnished in the Elizabethan Age and also fell into disrepair in the 17th century. Finally, the Manor was restored in the 19th century and today is a private home open to tourists in select weeks.
Eyford House is located at one end of Upper Slaughter and was voted the nation’s favourite house by County Life magazine in 2011. Although the house was built in the 19th century, it contains 17th century influences. Moreover, it is said that John Milton was inspired to write Paradise Lost on its grounds.^[22]
The Old School House is a former school which was built in the middle of the 19th century and still contains its school bell.
The Square is adjacent to some medieval almshouses on the north side which are integrated with a few of 17th-century cottages – these were restored by Sir Edwin Lutyens in the early 20th century.^[23] The Square also boasts a tiny Methodist chapel from 1865.^[24]
Home Farmhouse
Castle Mound
Rose Row

Notable residents

Francis Edward Witts (1783–1854), a diarist, was an English clergyman who was rector of Upper Slaughter and wrote a book called The Diary of a Cotswold Parson.
George Backhouse Witts (1846–1912), a civil engineer and archaeologist, was born in Winchcombe and lived in Upper Slaughter as a child owing to his father’s position as rector there. He was the grandson of diarist Francis Edward Witts.
Guy Berryman (b. 1978), musician best known as the bassist for the rock band Coldplay.