Umm Al-Qura (Arabic: أُم القُرى, lit. 'The Mother of Villages') is the first Arabic-language Saudi Arabian daily newspaper based in Mecca,[1] and the official gazette of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper has been in circulation since 1924.
History and profile
Umm Al-Qura is established by Ibn Saud, the Kingdom’s founder, and the first issue was published on 12 December 1924.[2][3] In fact, the paper was a successor of Al Qibla which was the official gazette of the Kingdom of Hejaz.[4] One of the reasons behind the establishment of Umm Al-Qura was the harsh criticisms of an Egyptian newspaper, Al Muqattam, against Ibn Saud.[5] Ibn Saud started the paper to counterweigh the propaganda of Al Muqattam through the paper.[5]
Umm Al-Qura was initially a weekly newspaper issued in four hand-printed pages before it had turned into a government gazette – an announcer of royal decrees and other state-related news.[6][7] Shortly after its start, Umm Al-Qura frequently featured articles supporting Wahhabi doctrine which was given as a branch of Sunni Islam.[8] The paper called Ibn Saud the Caeser of the Arabs following the annexation of Hejaz.[9]
The founding editor-in-chief of the paper was Yusuf Yasin, an advisor to Ibn Saud.[10][11] Ghalib Hamza Abulfaraj, a Saudi businessman, also served as the editor-in-chief of the paper.[12] One of its early contributors was St John Philby.[13]
Umm Al-Qura is published by the Saudi Ministry of Culture and Information.[14]
Significant events covered by the paper
The significant events that the paper covered, sometimes in special issues, included:[2]
During World War II all newspapers at that time, Sawt Al Hijaz, Al-Madina Al manawara, and Umm Al Qura experienced financial crises, leading to the suspension of their publication from 1941-1946 except Umm Al Qura which continued to be issued.[15]
^Joshua Teitelbaum (2020). "Hashemites, Egyptians and Saudis: the tripartite struggle for the pilgrimage in the shadow of Ottoman defeat". Middle Eastern Studies. 56 (1): 43. doi:10.1080/00263206.2019.1650349. S2CID202264793.
^Sebastian Maisel and John A. Shoup. (2009). Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Arab States Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Arab States. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p.329. ISBN978-0-313-34442-8.