UGC 5101

UGC 5101
UGC 5101 by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationUrsa Major
Right ascension09h 35m 51.6s[1]
Declination+61° 21′ 11″[1]
Redshift0.039367 ± 0.000007 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity11,802 ± 2 km/s[1]
Distance528 Mly (162 Mpc)[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)15.1
Characteristics
TypeS? [1]
Apparent size (V)0.83′ × 0.45′[1]
Notable featuresUltraluminous infrared galaxy
Other designations
MCG +10-14-025, IRAS 09320+6134, PGC 27292[1]

UGC 5101 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 530 million light years from Earth. It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy.[1] The total infrared luminosity of the galaxy is estimated to be 1011.95 L☉ and the galaxy has a total star formation rate of 105 M☉ per year.[2]

UGC 5101 has a single nucleus surrounded by spiral isophotes.[3] The nucleus of UGC 5101 has been found to be active and it has been categorised as a type 1.5 Seyfert galaxy or a LINER based on the radio continuum.[4][5] The most accepted theory for the energy source of active galactic nuclei is the presence of an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. The mass of the black hole in the centre of UGC 5101 is estimated to be 108.2 (160 million) M☉ based on stellar velocity dispersion.[6] The galaxy also hosts a water megamaser, probably originating from the nucleus.[7]

The nucleus emits hard X-rays, which are strongly absorbed, while there is also a soft X-rays component, which could originate from a hidden starburst region.[8] Also NeV emission has been detected in the nucleus, indicating the presence of a hot gas in the coronal line region, while hot dust has been detected around the nucleus, as indicated by the presence of PAH emission and strong silicate absorption.[9][10][11] The nucleus is surrounded by a dust torus with an opening angle larger than 41° which partly obstructs the nucleus with a column density of NHLS about 1.3×1024 cm−2. The hole of the torus is covered with compton thin material.[12] The integrated intensities of HCN to 13CO indicate the gas in the torus is very dense.[13] When observed with very-long-baseline interferometry the galaxy features a ridgeline that could be compact jets generated by the active nucleus.[14]

The galaxy has a tidal tail, seen edge on, and a faint halo of stars that was created during the merger.[15] A second tidal tail appears to loop around the nucleus, forming a ring.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for UGC 5101. Retrieved 2023-05-06.
  2. ^ Esposito, Federico; Vallini, Livia; Pozzi, Francesca; Casasola, Viviana; Mingozzi, Matilde; Vignali, Cristian; Gruppioni, Carlotta; Salvestrini, Francesco (16 March 2022). "AGN impact on the molecular gas in galactic centres as probed by CO lines". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 512 (1): 686–711. arXiv:2202.00697. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac313.
  3. ^ a b Scoville, N. Z.; Evans, A. S.; Thompson, R.; Rieke, M.; Hines, D. C.; Low, F. J.; Dinshaw, N.; Surace, J. A.; Armus, L. (March 2000). "NICMOS Imaging of Infrared-Luminous Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 119 (3): 991–1061. arXiv:astro-ph/9912246. Bibcode:2000AJ....119..991S. doi:10.1086/301248. S2CID 14039970.
  4. ^ Abrahamyan, H. V.; Mickaelian, A. M.; Paronyan, G. M.; Mikayelyan, G. A. (September 2020). "Classification by Activity Type of a Sample of Active Galaxies with Radio Emission". Astrophysics. 63 (3): 322–333. Bibcode:2020Ap.....63..322A. doi:10.1007/s10511-020-09637-0. S2CID 225182307.
  5. ^ Malkan, Matthew A.; Jensen, Lisbeth D.; Rodriguez, David R.; Spinoglio, Luigi; Rush, Brian (6 September 2017). "Emission Line Properties of Seyfert Galaxies in the 12 μ m Sample". The Astrophysical Journal. 846 (2): 102. arXiv:1708.08563. Bibcode:2017ApJ...846..102M. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8302. S2CID 119243981.
  6. ^ Akylas, A.; Papadakis, I.; Georgakakis, A. (October 2022). "Black hole mass estimation using X-ray variability measurements in Seyfert galaxies". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 666: A127. arXiv:2208.12490. Bibcode:2022A&A...666A.127A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244162. S2CID 251858948.
  7. ^ Zhang, J. S.; Henkel, C.; Kadler, M.; Greenhill, L. J.; Nagar, N.; Wilson, A. S.; Braatz, J. A. (May 2006). "Extragalactic H 2 O masers and X-ray absorbing column densities". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 450 (3): 933–944. arXiv:astro-ph/0512459. Bibcode:2006A&A...450..933Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054138. S2CID 18160300.
  8. ^ Imanishi, Masatoshi; Terashima, Yuichi; Anabuki, Naohisa; Nakagawa, Takao (20 October 2003). "X-Ray Evidence of a Buried Active Galactic Nucleus in UGC 5101". The Astrophysical Journal. 596 (2): L167–L170. arXiv:astro-ph/0309425. Bibcode:2003ApJ...596L.167I. doi:10.1086/379503. S2CID 14913058.
  9. ^ Armus, L.; Charmandaris, V.; Bernard-Salas, J.; Spoon, H. W. W.; Marshall, J. A.; Higdon, S. J. U.; Desai, V.; Teplitz, H. I.; Hao, L.; Devost, D.; Brandl, B. R.; Wu, Y.; Sloan, G. C.; Soifer, B. T.; Houck, J. R.; Herter, T. L. (10 February 2007). "Observations of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies with the Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope . II. The IRAS Bright Galaxy Sample". The Astrophysical Journal. 656 (1): 148–167. arXiv:astro-ph/0610218. Bibcode:2007ApJ...656..148A. doi:10.1086/510107. S2CID 25489647.
  10. ^ Martínez-Paredes, M.; Alonso-Herrero, A.; Aretxaga, I.; Ramos Almeida, C.; Hernán-Caballero, A.; González-Martín, O.; Pereira-Santaella, M.; Packham, C.; Asensio Ramos, A.; Díaz-Santos, T.; Elitzur, M.; Esquej, P.; García-Bernete, I.; Imanishi, M.; Levenson, N. A.; Rodríguez Espinosa, J. M. (21 December 2015). "A deep look at the nuclear region of UGC 5101 through high angular resolution mid-IR data with GTC/CanariCam". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454 (4): 3577–3589. arXiv:1509.04396. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2134.
  11. ^ Armus, L.; Charmandaris, V.; Spoon, H. W. W.; Houck, J. R.; Soifer, B. T.; Brandl, B. R.; Appleton, P. N.; Teplitz, H. I.; Higdon, S. J. U.; Weedman, D. W.; Devost, D.; Morris, P. W.; Uchida, K. I.; van Cleve, J.; Barry, D. J.; Sloan, G. C.; Grillmair, C. J.; Burgdorf, M. J.; Fajardo-Acosta, S. B.; Ingalls, J. G.; Higdon, J.; Hao, L.; Bernard-Salas, J.; Herter, T.; Troeltzsch, J.; Unruh, B.; Winghart, M. (September 2004). "Observations of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope : Early Results on Markarian 1014, Markarian 463, and UGC 5101". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 154 (1): 178–183. arXiv:astro-ph/0406179. Bibcode:2004ApJS..154..178A. doi:10.1086/422915. S2CID 43204883.
  12. ^ Oda, Saeko; Tanimoto, Atsushi; Ueda, Yoshihiro; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Terashima, Yuichi; Ricci, Claudio (30 January 2017). "Shedding Light on the Compton-thick Active Galactic Nucleus in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy UGC 5101 with Broadband X-Ray Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal. 835 (2): 179. arXiv:1612.07450. Bibcode:2017ApJ...835..179O. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/179. S2CID 119441643.
  13. ^ Cruz-González, I; Gómez-Ruiz, A I; Caldú-Primo, A; Benítez, E; Rodríguez-Espinosa, J M; Krongold, Y; Aretxaga, I; Snell, R; González-Martin, O; Negrete, C A; Narayanan, G; Hughes, D H; Yun, M S; Fazio, G G; Chavushyan, V; Hiriart, D; Jiménez-Bailón, E; Herrera-Endoqui, M; Martínez-Paredes, M; González, J J (17 October 2020). "Early science with the LMT: molecular torus in UGC 5101". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 499 (2): 2042–2050. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2949.
  14. ^ Lonsdale, Carol J.; Lonsdale, Colin J.; Smith, Harding E.; Diamond, Philip J. (August 2003). "VLBI Imaging of Luminous Infrared Galaxies: Active Galactic Nucleus Cores in Markarian 231, UGC 5101, and NGC 7469". The Astrophysical Journal. 592 (2): 804–818. arXiv:astro-ph/0304335. Bibcode:2003ApJ...592..804L. doi:10.1086/375778. S2CID 14352535.
  15. ^ "UGC 5101". www.spacetelescope.org. 24 April 2008. Retrieved 19 June 2023.