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Originally the TİÇSF gave support to Kemal Atatürk. They attended the first congress of the Communist Party of Turkey (TKP) held in Baku on 10 September 1920, where the TKP was established.[1]
The Workers’ and Peasants’ Socialist Party, the Istanbul transplant of the party formed in Berlin in 1919, adopted a more confrontational policy towards the republican government. In 1923, after the victory over Greece, it organized the first large May Day demonstration in Istanbul. The regime responded by arresting socialist workers and intellectuals.[2]