Tuireamh na hÉireann

Tuireamh na hÉireann
Ireland's Lament
by Seán Ó Conaill
Original titleTuireaḋ na h-Eireann
TranslatorMichael Clarke
Writtenc. 1655–59
CountryIreland
LanguageEarly Modern Irish
Subject(s)History of Ireland
Genre(s)History, lament
Media typeManuscript
Lines496
MetreCaoineadh

"Tuireamh na hÉireann" ([ˈt̪ˠɪɾʲəw n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ], "Lament for Ireland", archaic spelling Tuireaḋ na h-Eireann), also called "Aiste Sheáin Uí Chonaill" ("Seán Ó Conaill's Essay") is an Irish-language poem of the mid-17th century.[1] The poem gives a history of Ireland from the Great Flood to the Cromwellian war.[2] Its composition is dated to 1655–59, and it was written by Seán Ó Conaill of the Iveragh Peninsula, a dependent of MacCarthy Mór. Some accounts described him as Catholic Bishop of Ardfert, but there is no evidence that he ever held that office.[3][4]

Landscape of the Iveragh Peninsula, Ó Conaill's homeland

Background

Piaras Béaslaí considered "Tuireamh na hÉireann" to be an inferior imitation of "An Síogaí Rómhánach."[3]

Text

The hour I reflect on the nobles of Erin
The devastation of the country, and the want of the clergy
The destruction of the people, and the melting of her wealth,
My heart in my breast is tearing.

"Tuireamh na hÉireann," opening lines, translated by Martin A. O'Brennan

The poem refers to the Cromwellian conquest as ‘an cogadh do chríochnaigh Éire’ (the war that finished Ireland).[3]

Legacy

On "Tuireamh na hÉireann," Vincent Morley wrote that it was "arguably one of the most important works ever written in Ireland. Composed in simple metre, easily understandable and capable of being learned by heart, this poem supplied an understanding of Irish history for the Catholic majority (monoglot speakers of Irish who could neither read nor write for the next two hundred years)."[5] It was significantly shorter and easier to understand than Foras Feasa ar Éirinn (c. 1634).[6] In the mid-18th century, Fr Francis O'Sullivan noted that the poem was "repeated and kept in memory on account of the great knowledge of antiquity comprehended in it."[7]

Translation

The first English translation was published by Michael Clarke (1750–1847) in 1827.[3]

Cecile O’Rahilly translated it in Five Seventeenth Century Political Poems (1946).[8]

References

  1. ^ "An unrecorded early manuscript of the Irish political poem Tuireamh na hEireann". www.carpelibrumbooks.com.
  2. ^ Teil: +3531 675 1922, 47 Sráid Harrington Baile Átha Cliath 8 Éire. "Forógra Aimhirghin". Comhar.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b c d "Ó Conaill, Seán (O'Connell, John) | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie.
  4. ^ "Hesburgh Library". www.library.nd.edu.
  5. ^ Craith, Mícheál Mac (24 May 2012). "Ó Chéitinn go Raiftearaí: mar a cumadh stair na hÉireann. By Vincent Morley. Pp ix, 295. Dublin: Coiscéim. 2011. €10". Irish Historical Studies. 38 (149): 140–141. doi:10.1017/S0021121400000742 – via Cambridge University Press.
  6. ^ Morley, Vincent (2006). "Views of the Past in Irish Vernacular Literature, 1650–1850". Unity and Diversity in European Culture c.1800. doi:10.5871/bacad/9780197263822.003.0010. ISBN 978-0-19-726382-2.
  7. ^ "Ó CONAILL, Seán (fl.1650)". ainm.ie.
  8. ^ "CLARKE, Michael (1750–1847)". ainm.ie.
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