Tricholoma

For the plant genus formerly known as Tricholoma, see Glossostigma.

Tricholoma
Tricholoma flavovirens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Tricholomataceae
Genus: Tricholoma
Fries
Type species
Tricholoma equestre

Tricholoma is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from Ancient Greek: τριχο-, romanized: tricho-, lit. 'hair' and Ancient Greek: λῶμα, romanized: loma, lit. 'fringe, border'[1] although only a few species (such as T. vaccinum) have shaggy caps which fit this description.

The most sought out species are the East Asian Tricholoma matsutake, also known as matsutake or songi, and the North American Tricholoma magnivelare species complex, also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or "pine mushroom". Others are safe to eat, such as Tricholoma terreum, but there are a few poisonous members, such as T. pardinum, T. tigrinum and T. equestre.

Many species originally described within Tricholoma have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (Clitocybe nuda), previously Tricholoma nudum, blewit (Clitocybe saeva), previously Tricholoma personatum, and St George's mushroom (Calocybe gambosa) previously Tricholoma gambosum.

Tricholomalides are neurotrophic diterpenoids isolated from species of Tricholoma.[2]

Tricholomalides A and B

Species list

Main article: List of Tricholoma species
T. fulvum
T. lascivum
T. scalpuratum
T. sulphureum
T. terreum (or T. myomyces)

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ Reported to be edible but not palatable[3]

Citations

  1. ^ Nilson, Sven; Olle Persson (1977). Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin. p. 24. ISBN 0-14-063006-6.
  2. ^ Sachiko Tsukamoto, Abdulgafor D Macabalang, Keigo Nakatani, Yutaro Obara, Norimichi Nakahata, Tomihisa Ohta (2003). "Tricholomalides A-C, new neurotrophic diterpenes from the mushroom Tricholoma sp". J Nat Prod. 66 (12): 1578–1581. doi:10.1021/np030140x. PMID 14695800.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.

Further reading

  • Marcel Bon : The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe (Hodder & Stoughton 1987). ISBN 0-340-39935-X
  • Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994–2000). ISBN 2-603-00953-2
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