Altogether, eight tropical storms formed during the season, including six hurricanes of which two intensified into major hurricanes.[nb 2] There was also one tropical depression that failed to reach tropical storm strength. Impact throughout the year was widespread. Arthur, which made landfall near Cape Lookout, North Carolina on July 3, with 100 mph (155 km/h) winds, was the strongest hurricane to strike the U.S. mainland since Hurricane Ike in 2008 (with 110 mph (175 km/h) winds).[2] The deadliest Atlantic storm of the season, Cristobal, barely touched land at all as it moved from Puerto Rico to Iceland in late August. Even so, it was responsible for at least seven fatalities: four on Hispaniola, one on Providenciales, and two along the U.S. East Coast.[2] In October, Bermuda was struck twice, as hurricanes Fay and Gonzalo made landfall only six days apart (October 12 and 18 respectively), leaving much damage in their wakes.[2]
This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, and dissipations during the season. It includes information that was not released throughout the season, meaning that data from post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center, such as a storm that was not initially warned upon, has been included.
By convention, meteorologists use one time zone when issuing forecasts and making observations: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and also use the 24-hour clock (where 00:00 = midnight UTC).[5] The National Hurricane Center uses both UTC and the time zone where the center of the tropical cyclone is currently located. The time zones utilized (east to west) prior to 2020 were: Atlantic, Eastern, and Central.[6] In this timeline, all information is listed by UTC first with the respective regional time included in parentheses. Additionally, figures for maximum sustained winds and position estimates are rounded to the nearest 5 units (knots, miles, or kilometers), following the convention used in the National Hurricane Center's products. Direct wind observations are rounded to the nearest whole number. Atmospheric pressures are listed to the nearest millibar and nearest hundredth of an inch of mercury.
Timeline
June
June 1
The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins.[3]
No tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean during the month of June.
12:00 UTC (18:00 a.m. AST) near 14°00′N55°00′W / 14.0°N 55.0°W / 14.0; -55.0 – Tropical Depression Two degenerates into an trough of low pressure about 385 mi (620 km) east of the Lesser Antilles, and later dissipates.[8]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. EDT) near 26°48′N73°36′W / 26.8°N 73.6°W / 26.8; -73.6 – Tropical Storm Bertha strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane and simultaneously attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 998 mbar (29.47 inHg), about 195 mi (315 km) north-northeast of San Salvador Island, the Bahamas.[9]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. EDT, August 25) near 25°06′N72°06′W / 25.1°N 72.1°W / 25.1; -72.1 – Tropical Storm Cristobal strengthens into a Category 1 hurricane approximately 665 mi (1,075 km) southwest of Bermuda.[10]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, August 28) near 39°06′N58°48′W / 39.1°N 58.8°W / 39.1; -58.8 – Hurricane Cristobal attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 965 mbar (28.50 inHg), about 570 mi (915 km) northeast of Bermuda.[10]
12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m. CDT) near 22°48′N95°36′W / 22.8°N 95.6°W / 22.8; -95.6 – Tropical Storm Dolly attains its peak sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) about 150 mi (240 km) east-northeast of Tampico.[12]
September 3
01:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. CDT, September 2) near 22°00′N97°24′W / 22.0°N 97.4°W / 22.0; -97.4 – Tropical Storm Dolly attains its lowest barometric pressure of 1,000 mbar (29.53 inHg), about 35 mi (55 km) south-southeast of Tampico.[12]
04:00 UTC (11:00 p.m. CDT, September 2) near 22°00′N97°42′W / 22.0°N 97.7°W / 22.0; -97.7 – Tropical Storm Dolly makes landfall about 20 mi (32 km) south-southeast of Tampico, with sustained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h).[12]
12:00 UTC (7:00 a.m CDT) near 21°48′N98°48′W / 21.8°N 98.8°W / 21.8; -98.8 – Tropical Storm Dolly degenerates inland to a tropical low, about 70 mi (110 km) west-southwest of Tampico, and later dissipates.[12]
Map plotting the track and the intensity of Edouard (starting at lower right corner)
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 30°36′N57°48′W / 30.6°N 57.8°W / 30.6; -57.8 – Hurricane Edouard attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 955 mbar (28.20 inHg), about 415 mi (665 km) east of Bermuda.[13]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 33°06′N63°54′W / 33.1°N 63.9°W / 33.1; -63.9 – Hurricane Fay attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 983 mbar (29.03 inHg), about 75 mi (120 km) northeast of Bermuda.[14]
00:00 (8:00 p.m. AST, October 12) near 33°54′N59°00′W / 33.9°N 59.0°W / 33.9; -59.0 – Tropical Storm Fay degenerates into an open trough about 350 mi (565 km) east-northeast of Bermuda, and later dissipates.[14]
00:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. AST, October 14) near 21°42′N66°12′W / 21.7°N 66.2°W / 21.7; -66.2 – Hurricane Gonzalo intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane about 225 mi (360 km) north of San Juan, Puerto Rico, and simultaneously attains an initial peak maximum sustained windspeed of 130 mph (215 km/h).[15]
12:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. AST) near 25°36′N68°42′W / 25.6°N 68.7°W / 25.6; -68.7 – Hurricane Gonzalo attains its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 940 mbar (27.76 inHg), about 525 mi (845 km) south-southwest of Bermuda.[15]
18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. AST) near 50°36′N44°48′W / 50.6°N 44.8°W / 50.6; -44.8 – Hurricane Gonzalo transitions into an extratropical cyclone about 460 mi (740 km) northeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland, and is later absorbed by a cold front.[nb 3][15][17]
Map plotting the track and the intensity of Hanna (starting at center left)
00:00 UTC (7:00 p.m. EDT, October 26) near 15°06′N82°00′W / 15.1°N 82.0°W / 15.1; -82.0 – Remnant Low Nine regenerates into a tropical depression about 80 mi (130 km) east-northeast of Cabo Gracias a Dios.[18]
06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) near 15°00′N82°24′W / 15.0°N 82.4°W / 15.0; -82.4 – Tropical Depression Nine intensifies into Tropical Storm Hanna about 50 mi (85 km) east of Cabo Gracias a Dios, and simultaneously attains its peak sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h).[18]
16:00 UTC (12:00 p.m. EDT) near 14°54′N83°18′W / 14.9°N 83.3°W / 14.9; -83.3 – Tropical Storm Hanna makes landfall about 10 mi (20 km) west-southwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios with sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h).[18]
18:00 UTC (2:00 p.m. EDT) near 14°54′N83°30′W / 14.9°N 83.5°W / 14.9; -83.5 – Tropical Storm Hanna weakens to a tropical depression inland about 25 mi (35 km) west-southwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios.[18]
October 28
06:00 UTC (2:00 a.m. EDT) near 15°24′N85°12′W / 15.4°N 85.2°W / 15.4; -85.2 – Tropical Depression Hanna again degenerates into a remnant low about 140 mi (220 km) west-northwest of Cabo Gracias a Dios, and subsequently dissipates.[18]
November
No tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean during the month of November.
November 30
The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season officially ends.[3]
^Hurricanes reaching Category 3 (111 mph / 178 km/h) and higher on the 5-level Saffir–Simpson wind speed scale are considered major hurricanes.[4]
^Gonzalo was absorbed by a cold front several hundred nautical miles south-southwest of Iceland on October 20. The extratropical storm complex incorporating Gonzalo's remnants generated strong wind, heavy rain and snow across Ireland, the United Kingdom, and portions of Europe on October 21–22.[15][17]
