Thomas Joseph PettigrewFRS (28 October 1791 – 23 November 1865), sometimes known as "Mummy" Pettigrew, was a surgeon and antiquarian who became an expert on Ancient Egyptianmummies. He became well known in London social circles for his private parties in which he unrolled and autopsied mummies for the entertainment of his guests.[1]
Early years
Thomas Joseph Pettigrew was born in London on 28 October 1791. His father, William Pettigrew, was a surgeon–apothecary who had formerly served as a naval surgeon on HMS Victory. Thomas demonstrated an interest in anatomy at an early age, conducting illicit autopsies. At the age of sixteen he became an apprentice to the surgeon John Taunton, assisting him in his clinical work and in the running of his anatomy school.
In 1808, when he was seventeen, he was among the group of young and intellectually curious apprentices who – at the instigation of John Tatum – formed the City Philosophical Society: Pettigrew gave an inaugural lecture on the subject of insanity. Michael Faraday, another member, would later conduct chemical analyses for Pettigrew on minerals and other materials found inside mummies.[2]
Career
A young Thomas Joseph Pettigrew
Pettigrew's career began with an election as secretary to the Medical Society of London and, a year later, to the Royal Humane Society. These appointments led to him becoming the surgeon to the Duke of Sussex and Duke of Kent; due to this role he vaccinated the future Queen Victoria. He went on to become a surgeon at the Dispensary for the Treatment of Diseases of Children, the Asylum for Female Orphans, and the Royal West London Infirmary Dispensary, later Charing Cross Hospital.
He was also a professor of anatomy at the Charing Cross Hospital where he performed his earliest mummy unrollings before leaving the hospital in 1836 due to allegations of corruption.[3] At the hospital Pettigrew gave lectures about anatomy, physiology, pathology, and the principles and practice of surgery. After leaving it he devoted himself to private practice, living in Savile Row.[4]
In 1811 Pettigrew married Elizabeth Reed. They had twelve children out of whom eight survived to adulthood. His son Dr William Vesalius Pettigrew regularly assisted him in his mummy unrollings.[7]
Another son, Samuel Thomas Pettigrew, became a chaplain in the East India Company and founded several key institutions in India, including Bishop Cotton Boys' School, Bishop Cotton Girls' School, St. Paul's Church, Bangalore, and All Saints' Church, Bangalore.
After his wife's death in 1854, he retired from medicine, and focused entirely on his antiquarian interests. He died at the age of 74 in 1865 and is buried in Brompton Cemetery, London. Seven months after his death his library was sold at Sotheby's.[8] His three sons and three daughters survived him.[9]
^Peck, William H. (1998). "Mummies of Ancient Egypt". In Aidan, Eve Cockburn; Reyman, Theodore A. (eds.). Mummies, Disease and Ancient Culture. Cambridge University Press.
