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Third Saudi State
الدولة السعودية الثالثة (Arabic)
Third Saudi State الدولة السعودية الثالثة (Arabic)
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	Map of the countries that established the third Saudi state Emirate of Riyadh 1902–1913; Emirate of Nejd and Hasa 1913–1921; Sultanate of Nejd 1921–1926; Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd 1926–1932; Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1932–present;
Capital	Riyadh
Common languages	Arabic
Religion	Sunni Islam
Government	Absolute monarchy
Preceded by
	Emirate of Jabal Shammar
	Kingdom of Hejaz
	Idrisid Emirate of Asir

The Third Saudi state is the heir to the two earlier Saudi states: the first and the second, founded by Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman (also known as "Ibn Saud"), who managed to capture the city of Riyadh on January 13, 1902. A long series of conflicts and conquests ultimately led to the establishment of the modern and contemporary Saudi state, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

History

The third Saudi state was known at the beginning of its reign as "the Emirate of Riyadh" (1902–1913) and "the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa" (1913–1921). After the overthrow of the rival Emirate of Ha'il gave the Emirate of Najd and Al-Ahsa control of the entire Nejd region, it became known as the Sultanate of Nejd. Abdul Aziz conquered the Kingdom of Hejaz in 1925. He raised Nejd to a kingdom in 1927, and his dominions became known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd and its annexes. Abdul Aziz administered the two portions of his dual kingdom separately until the annexation of the Southern Territory and the announcement of the establishment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932.^[1]