Theory of population may refer to:

• Malthusianism, a theory of population by Thomas Malthus (1766–1834)
  • An Essay on the Principle of Population, the book in which Malthus propounded his theory
• Neo-Malthusian theory of Paul R. Ehrlich (born 1932) and others
• Theory of demographic transition by Warren Thompson (1887–1973)

• Demography
• Population
• Population growth
• Population bottleneck
• Population ecology

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Theory of population.
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