The Shamrock (newspaper)

The Shamrock
Front page on 3 October 1874
CategoriesIrish literature, culture, poetry, Gaelic
FrequencyWeekly
Founded1866
First issue6 October 1866
Final issue10 August 1912
CountryIreland
Based inDublin
LanguageEnglish

The Shamrock was an Irish literary newspaper published in Dublin from 1866 to 1912.[1][2][3] It was a nationalist weekly publication printed and circulated every Saturday. Noteworthy illustrators, writers, and editors of the time, including William O'Brien, Ireland’s first investigative journalist, contributed to the paper.[4][5][6][7] The Shamrock merged with the Irish Emerald in 1912, which continued to circulate until 1922.[1][2]

History

Founded in 1866, The Shamrock was initially published under Richard Pigott until 1879.[8][9][10][3][11][12] William Francis Lynam, a soldier and writer, also served as one of the paper's proprietors and editors during this time.[13][8][14] Pigott, journalist and newspaper owner, later gained infamy as a forger.[13] He established a career as a publisher and owner of newspapers, including influential nationalist titles such as the Flag of Ireland and the Irishman.[8]

The Shamrock was sold weekly at a penny to readers.[3] In 1879, Pigott sold The Shamrock and his other titles to the Irish National Newspaper and Publishing Company, owned by Irish nationalist politician Charles Stewart Parnell and his Irish National League party.[13][4][15][16] The paper continued under Parnell's ownership, with William O'Brien taking over as editor in 1881. O'Brien significantly impacted Ireland's late 19th-century media practices with his pioneering investigative journalism at the time.

A weekly illustrated newspaper, The Shamrock, first appeared on October 6, 1866, and its last publication appeared on August 10, 1912. It merged with the Irish Emerald on August 17, 1912, eventually ceasing publication on May 27, 1922. The newspaper was popular, even shipped to Europe and America on a subscription basis.[1]

Content

The Shamrock primarily tailored its content as entertainment to appeal to the younger audiences with illustrated front pages and content featuring fictional and mildly educational articles.[1][3] It included short stories, serials, historical topics, Gaelic prose, and poetry.[1] Contributors included writers such as Bram Stoker, who published two short stories and a serial novel in 1875.[1][13][17]

The most popular serial on the paper featured the tales the fictitious character Mick McQuaid, created by Lynam in 1867.[13] McQuaid, a combination hero and rascal, became a best-seller with various adventures set in different professions.[14] Lynam passed away in 1894, but The Shamrock and Mick McQuaid's stories continued with other writers, even after the merger with the Irish Emerald.[13][2]

In 1889, Carroll's, a tobacco manufacturer,[18] named a brand of pipe tobacco after Mick McQuaid, who often smoked a pipe in the stories.[19] In the 1920s, Mick McQuaid featured on the company's adverts and packaging as a cartoon character for the tobacco, which was discontinued in 2016.[14]

Proprietors, publishers, editors and contributors

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Campbell, Matthew. Irish Literature in Transition 1830-1880. Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ a b c Brown, Stephen J. (1971). The Press in Ireland : A Survey and a Guide. New York : Lemma Pub. Corp.
  3. ^ a b c d "The Shamrock". 1868.
  4. ^ a b Steele, Karen; de Nie, Michael (2014). Ireland and the New Journalism (1st ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 35, 93.
  5. ^ Larkin, Felix M. (4 January 2022). "Slice of Galtee – Felix M Larkin on William O'Brien's pioneering journalism". The Irish Times. p. 1. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  6. ^ Morrissey, Thomas J. (2007). William O'Brien 1881-1968 : Socialist, Republican, Dáil Deputy, Editor, and Trade Union Leader (7th ed.). Four Courts Press.
  7. ^ "O'Brien, William | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  8. ^ a b c "Dictionary of Irish Biography: From the Earliest Times to the Year 2002". Reference Reviews. 24 (5): 61–62. 2010-06-15. doi:10.1108/09504121011058003. ISSN 0950-4125.
  9. ^ Pigott, Richard (1883). Personal recollections of an Irish national journalist (2nd ed.). Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, & Co.
  10. ^ de Nie, Michael (2017). "The Comic Press, Ireland, and Empire, 1882–85". Éire-Ireland. 52 (3–4): 216–251. doi:10.1353/eir.2017.0028. ISSN 1550-5162.
  11. ^ "Pigott, Richard | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  12. ^ O'Callaghan, Margaret (2009-10-01), "Pigott, Richard", Dictionary of Irish Biography, Royal Irish Academy, doi:10.3318/dib.007335.v1, retrieved 2023-11-12
  13. ^ a b c d e f McGuire, J.I.; Quinn, James (2009). Dictionary of Irish Biography: From the Earliest Years to 2002 (7th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  14. ^ a b c Geoghegan, Patrick M. (2009-10-01), "Lynam, William Francis", Dictionary of Irish Biography, Royal Irish Academy, doi:10.3318/dib.004928.v1, retrieved 2023-11-12
  15. ^ "Parnell, Charles Stewart | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  16. ^ MacDonagh, Oliver (2020-12-17), "O'Connell and Parnell", Parnell and his Times, Cambridge University Press, pp. 21–35, doi:10.1017/9781108861786.003, ISBN 9781108861786, retrieved 2023-11-12
  17. ^ "Stoker, Abraham ('Bram') | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  18. ^ "PJ Carroll".
  19. ^ "An Irishman's Diary on pipe smoking". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2023-11-12.