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Terni–Perugia–Sansepolcro railway
Terni–Perugia–Sansepolcro railway
	ALn 776 and Minuetto trains
Overview
Native name	Ferrovia Centrale Umbra
Owner	Rete Ferroviaria Italiana
Service
Operator(s)	Busitalia
Ridership	1,089,420 (2016)
History
Opened	12 July 1915
Technical
Line length	147 km (91 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Network map
Network map
	Legend
	Tuscany
	Umbria
	from Foligno
	29.338
	(0.000)
	Source: Italian railway atlas
	This diagram: view; talk; edit;

Terni–Perugia–Sansepolcro railway is a railway line in Umbria, Italy. It was built by the Ferrovia Centrale Umbra (Central Umbrian Railway Company, FCU) The line, about 147 kilometres (91 mi) in length,^[3] connects Terni in southern Umbria with Sansepolcro, Tuscany,^[4] with stops in Todi, Perugia, Umbertide and Città di Castello.^[5] It is operated by Busitalia Sita Nord, a subsidiary of the Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane group.^[6]

History

The line was inaugurated on 12 July 1915.^[7] It was partially destroyed during World War II, and gradually reopened between October 1944 and May 1953.^[8] Passenger numbers peaked at 3,001,900 in 1975.^[8] In the late 1970s, due to its poor financial results and the risk of closure, the railway was taken over by the Province of Perugia.^[9]

In 2000, the rail operator was reorganized into a company owned by the regional government,^[10] and in December 2010 it was subsumed into a holding company gathering all the regional public transport services.^[10] In 2009, the company employed 211 people.^[10] In the late 2000s, the company depended on public subsidies for 71% to 87% of its operating income.^[10] In December 2005, a service linking Sansepolcro to Roma Termini station was launched.^[11] In April 2013 a train came off the rails near Umbertide, injuring 23 passengers.^[12] The regional public transport holding, Umbria Mobilità, was sold to Busitalia in 2014.^[13]

All passenger services were cancelled in September 2017 and partially restored in October 2018;^[14] they now operate on a 54 kilometres (34 mi) section between Città di Castello and Perugia Ponte San Giovanni.^[15]

Infrastructure

The main line has a maximum grade of 2%, reaching 6% on the branch between Perugia Sant'Anna and Perugia Ponte San Giovanni.^[16] The minimum curve radius is 300 m (980 ft) on the main line, and 250 m (820 ft) between Perugia Sant'Anna and Perugia Ponte San Giovanni.^[17]

The speed limit on the line was originally set at 90 km/h (56 mph),^[18] with an average travel speed of 64 km/h (40 mph).^[16] Due to the poor state of maintenance of the tracks and regulatory changes after the Andria–Corato train collision in 2016, the limit was lowered to 70 km/h (43 mph) in October 2016, and further reduced to a maximum speed of 50 km/h (31 mph) in October 2018.^[19]

Stations north of Perugia, such as the ones in Umbertide and Città di Castello, tend to be close to the city center, while south of Perugia (such as in Marsciano and Todi) they are generally more remote.^[17]

Passenger services

According to a 2013 survey, 25.9% of trains ran with fewer than 30 people on board, reaching 71.6% between Sansepolcro and Città di Castello.^[20] The busiest segment is the line between Ponte San Giovanni and Perugia Sant'Anna with an average of 2,400 passengers per day.^[20] Several stations and stops recorded an average of zero passengers per day.^[20]

Rolling stock

As of 2014 the rolling stock was made up of 45 diesel-powered ALn 776 and four electric-powered Minuetto trains.^[21] The ALn 776 trains were built between 1986 and 1993.^[17] The four Minuettos were purchased in 2008.^[22] Owing to the high cost of spare parts, as of 2014 three are nonoperational, while one remains in active service.^[22]

FCU ALn 776-076 in Terni
Pinturicchio electric traction train

Routes

The following stations, stops and halts were served in December 2010,^[23] many of them as request stops.^[23] As of May 2019, most are inactive; stations currently served by rail are marked with a green diamond (◆).^[24]