Tellurite

This article is about the ion. For the mineral, see Tellurite (mineral). For the similarly named Star Trek race, see Tellarite.
Tellurite
Skeletal formula of tellurite
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
Tellurite[1] (substitutive)
Trioxidotellurate(2−)[2] (additive)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
100741
  • InChI=1S/H2O3Te/c1-4(2)3/h(H2,1,2,3)/p-2 checkY
    Key: SITVSCPRJNYAGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L checkY
  • [O-][Te+]([O-])[O-]
Properties
O3Te2−
Molar mass 175.6 g mol−1
Conjugate acid Tellurous acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Tellurite is a oxyanion of tellurium with the formula TeO2−
3. It is the ion of tellurous acid, and is chemically related to tellurium dioxide (TeO
2), whose mineral appearance also bears the name tellurite. Tellurites are typically colorless or white salts, which in some ways are comparable to sulfite.[3]

Structure and reactions

Crystal structure of sodium tellurite, highlighting the pyramidal structure of the anion.

Tellurite dianion is pyramidal, like selenite and sulfite. The anion has C3v symmetry.

Tellurites can be reduced to elemental tellurium by electrolysis or a strong reducing agent. When fused with nitrate salts, tellurite salts oxidize to tellurates (TeO2−
4).

Upon acidification of aqueous solutions of tellurite salts, solid hydrated tellurium dioxide (TeO2) precipitates. This reaction allows the separation of tellurium from selenium since selenous acid remains soluble at low pH. The intermediate in the protonation occurs at oxygen to give [TeO2(OH)]−.

Compounds

  • Sodium tellurite
  • Potassium tellurite (K2TeO3) is used together with agar as part of a selective medium for growth of some bacteria (Clauberg medium). Corynebacteria and some other species reduce TeO2−
    3     to elemental Te, which stains the bacteria black.

Biological activity

Tellurite (TeO₃²⁻) is a highly toxic oxyanion of tellurium with notable biological activity, particularly due to its toxic effects on various organisms, including bacteria, plants, and humans. The lack of mitochondrial proteins MRPL44, NAM9 (MNA6) and GEP3 (MTG3) in yeast is associated with resistance to tellurite.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Tellurous Acid - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
  2. ^ "Tellurite (CHEBI:30477)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute.
  3. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  4. ^ Del Giudice, Luigi; Alifano, Pietro; Calcagnile, Matteo; Di Schiavi, Elia; Bertapelle, Carla; Aletta, Mariarosaria; Pontieri, Paola (2022-05-01). "Mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes connected with Alzheimer's and tellurite toxicity". Mitochondrion. 64: 45–58. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2022.02.006. ISSN 1567-7249.

Further reading

  • M. R. Masson, H. D. Lutz and B. Engelen (eds.) "Sulfites, Selenites and Tellurites", Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1986.