Playa Brava in Tayrona National Natural ParkCabo San Juan is one of the more popular swimming areasmonkey living in the national park
The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona) is a protected area in the Colombian northern Caribbean region and within the jurisdiction of the city of Santa Marta, 34 kilometres (21 mi) from the city centre. The park presents a biodiversity endemic to the area of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range, featuring a variety of climates (mountain climate) and geography that ranges from arid sea level to 900 meters above sea level. The park covers approximately 30 square kilometres (12 sq mi) of maritime area in the Caribbean Sea and approximately 150 square kilometres (58 sq mi) of land.
It was the second most visited national park in Colombia in 2022, with 545,760 visitors.[1]
History
The Tayrona National Park was created by the 191st Law of the Colombian Institute for Agrarian Reform (INCORA), in order to guarantee the protection of the region and the preservation of the ecological environment.[2]
Taganga is its most southern part; its western boundary goes toward the northeast following the coastline, including a kilometer of sea area, until the Piedras River. The boundary follows the left side of the river until the North Highway, and then toward the west, crossing the following places with clear demarcations in the terrain:
Santa Rosa Hill
Tovar Hill
Guacamayo Pick
Aguas Muertas Hill
Cielito Pick
Hondonada Site
Humo Hill
It also crosses several creeks, like the Piedras River, Cañaveral, Santa Rosa, La Boquita, Cinto, and other water branches, including the Rodríguez and Gairaca creeks.
Climate
Temperatures in the park and surrounding citites range from 27 to 35 °C (81 to 95 °F) at sea level. Rainfall in this region varies from nothing to around 975 millimetres (38 in) per month, but overall the climate is tropical and hot, with agriculture requiring irrigation from streams that drain from the snowy peaks.[3]
Climate data for Tayrona National Natural Park (1981–2010)
A sign in the park points out that this area is the last place in the world where the endangered cotton-top tamarin still exists
Scholars have done an extensive classification of animal species living in the park, which include about 108 species of mammals and 300 species of birds. The Mantled howler, the oncilla, deer and more than 70 species of bats are among the park's typical residents.
There is archaeological evidence of ancient human settlements in the area of the park up until the 16th century. The place now has facilities for the eco-tourism, with paths suitable for walks. The Archaeologic Museum of Chairama is located in the Cañaveral Site, near the mouth of the Piedras River. Other places which attract visitors are Los Naranjos Path, Castilletes Beach, The Pool, the Piedras River and the San Juan Out.
The site of El Pueblito was a popular hike has been closed since 2019 due to the wishes of the indigenous residents.[8]
Recreational scuba diving
Tayrona has protected sites off the shoreline popular for recreational scuba diving. The sites feature shallow areas used for training as well as areas with currents and depth suitable for drift diving.[9]
^"Tiempo y Clima" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
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