Tarnów County (Polish: powiat tarnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Tarnów, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains seven towns: Tuchów, 16 km (10 mi) south of Tarnów, Żabno, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Tarnów, Wojnicz, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Tarnów, Radłów, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Tarnów, Ryglice, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Tarnów, Ciężkowice, 26 km (16 mi) south of Tarnów, and Zakliczyn, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Tarnów.
The county covers an area of 1,413.44 square kilometres (545.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 193,549, out of which the population of Tuchów was 6,501, that of Żabno 4,271, that of Wojnicz 3,404, that of Ryglice 2,784, that of Ciężkowice 2,378, that of Zakliczyn 1,556, and the rural population was 176,059 (including approximately 2,800 for the population of Radłów, which became a town in 2010).
The county is subdivided into 16 gminas (seven urban-rural and nine rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.