The Takatsukasa family was founded by Fujiwara no Kanehira (1228-1294), who was the sixth son of Konoe Iezane; he was also the first to take this family name,[1] named after the section of Kyoto in which the household resided. The Takatsukasa family, for the first time, died out in the Sengoku period following the death of Tadafuyu, 13th head of the family, in 1546. Later in 1579, with the assistance of Oda Nobunaga,[4] the third son of Nijō Haruyoshi took the name Takatsukasa Nobufusa and revived the household.[5] Nobufusa's daughter Takako married Iemitsu, the third Tokugawa shōgun.
The Takatsukasa-Matsudaira family (鷹司松平家, Takatsukasa-Matsudaira-ke) was a cadet branch of both Takatsukasa and the Kishū-Tokugawa family, founded by Matsudaira Nobuhira [ja], the youngest son of Takatsukasa Nobufusa.[8] Because of his sister's marriage to the shōgunTokugawa Iemitsu since 1623, Nobuhira moved to Edo in 1650; Iemitsu welcomed his brother-in-law and granted him the rank hatamoto.[9][10] Arranged by Iemitsu's successor Tokugawa Ietsuna, in 1653, Nobuhira married Matsuhime, the second daughter of Tokugawa Yorinobu;[11] as a close relative of the Tokugawa clan, Nobuhira was later allowed to adopt the family name Matsudaira by the next year.[10][12] During the era of Meiji, the family name was changed to Yoshii (吉井), named after the family's fief Yoshii Domain in Edo Period.[11][12]
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