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TOI-791

TOI-791

Artistic representation of TOI-791 system
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox ICRS
Constellation Volans
Right ascension 07h 53m 44.36s[1]
Declination −69° 42′ 06.4″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 11.09±0.07[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Main-sequence[3]
Spectral type F4V[3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+6.24±0.95[1] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −5.139±0.015 mas/yr[1]
Dec.: +8.285±0.017 mas/yr[1]
Parallax (π)2.9719±0.0128 mas[1]
Distance1,097 ± 5 ly
(336 ± 1 pc)
Details
Mass1.43[4] M☉
Radius1.43[4] R☉
Luminosity3.77[4] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.28[4] cgs
Temperature6,727[4] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]–0.14[5] dex
Other designations
TOI-791, TIC 306472057, TYC 9184-1675-1, GSC 09184-01675, 2MASS J07534434-6942063, Gaia DR3 5270467966514084224[6]
Database references
SIMBADdata

TOI-791 is an F-type main-sequence star located approximately 1,113 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Volans.[7] At a visual apparent magnitude of 11.1, it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.[5] It has 1.43 times the Solar mass and 1.43 times the Solar radius while its [Fe/H] metallicity index is about −0.14, indicating an iron-to-hydrogen ratio 72% that of the Sun.[a][5][4] It hosts two known transiting exoplanets.[5][8]

Planetary system

In 2026, using the transit method, two giant planets were confirmed around TOI-791, which had been previously identified as candidates from TESS. The inner planet TOI-791 b has orbital period of 139 days while the outer TOI-791 c has orbital period of 232 days.[5][8] Based on the transit-timing-variation (TTV) phenomenon, the masses and densities of both planets can be measured, indicating that these planets are super-puffs with the lowest densities among all known exoplanets. The discovery and follow-up studies of TOI-791 b and TOI-791 c might give insights into how super-puff planets form and evolve.[5][8]

The TOI-791 planetary system[5]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination
(°) 		Radius
b 0.030±0.005 MJ 0.602±0.022 139.29931+0.00011
−0.00012 		0.032+0.014
−0.032 		89.797±0.039 0.993±0.033 RJ
c 0.058±0.007 MJ 0.863±0.032 232.01570+0.00067
−0.00071 		0.028+0.013
−0.028 		89.695±0.013 1.155±0.040 RJ

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 10−0.14 ≈ 0.72

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ^ Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
  3. ^ a b Huang, Sarah; Jiang, Chen (2025-11-30). "Machine Learning for Exoplanet Discovery: Validating TESS Candidates and Identifying Planets in the Habitable Zone". arXiv:2512.00967 [astro-ph.EP].
  4. ^ a b c d e f Stassun, Keivan G.; et al. (2019). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Dransfield, Georgina (June 2026). "ASTEP confirmation of a pair of long-period Jupiter-sized planets with extremely low densities transiting TOI-791". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 549 (4) stag864. doi:10.1093/mnras/stag864.
  6. ^ "TOI-791". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  7. ^ "NASA's TESS Mission Reveals the "Puffiest" Planets Ever Found - NASA Science". 2026-06-24. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  8. ^ a b c "Two 'super-puff' cotton candy exoplanets are the lightest gas giants ever discovered". space.com. Retrieved 26 June 2026.

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