The stiff-tailed ducks, the genusOxyura, are part of the Oxyurini tribe of ducks.
All have, as their name implies, long, stiff tailfeathers, which are erected when the bird is resting. All have relatively large, swollen bills. These are freshwater diving ducks. Their legs are set far back, which makes them awkward on land, so they rarely leave the water.
Their uncommon displays involve drumming noises from inflatable throat sacs, head throwing, and erecting short crests. Plumage sequences are complicated, and aging difficult.[citation needed]Plumage is vital for survival because of this animal's tendency to spend time in the water.[citation needed]
Taxonomy
The genus Oxyura was introduced (as a subgenus) in 1828 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte to accommodate a single taxon, Anas rubidusWilson, 1814. This is now considered to be a synonym of Anas jamaicensisGmelin 1789, the ruddy duck.[1][2] The genus name is derived from Ancient Greekoxus, meaning "sharp", and oura meaning "tail".[3]
The six extant members of this genus are distributed widely throughout North America, South America, Australia, Asia, and much of Africa.[4]
A fossil species from the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene of Jalisco (Mexico) was described as Oxyura zapatanima. It resembled a small ruddy duck or, even more, an Argentine blue-bill. A larger Middle Pleistocene fossil form from the southwestern United States was described as Oxyura bessomi; it was probably quite close to the ruddy duck.