Stephen Vail was born in Malapardis, New Jersey on June 28, 1780.[2] He married Bethiah Youngs in 1801 and they had four children: Harriet Vail (1802–1828), Alfred Vail (1807–1859), George Vail (1809–1875), and Sarah Louise Davis Vail (1811–1887). He helped establish Speedwell Ironworks. His second wife was Mary Carter Hedges whom he married in 1848. His third wife was Phoebe Ann Miller whom he married in 1862.