PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Stefania
	Stefania evansi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Hemiphractidae
Genus:	Stefania; Rivero, 1968
Type species
	Hyla evansi; Boulenger, 1904
Diversity
	19 species (see text)

Stefania is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae.^[1] They are native to the highlands of the Guiana Shield in southern Venezuela, Guyana, and adjacent far northern Brazil.^[2] Most are restricted to the tepui highlands, but S. evansi also occurs in lowlands. On most mountains there are only 1–2 species from this genus, but five are known from Mount Ayanganna^[3] and the neighbouring Mount Wokomung has six species.^[4] They are usually found near streams at low levels on branches/leaves or on the ground among vegetation/rocks.

They are famous for their breeding strategy where the development from eggs to froglets is completed on the back of the female (the eggs hatch to froglets; there is no free-swimming tadpole stage). The common name carrying frog is sometimes used for Stefania species and it refers to this behavior. A comparable behavior can also be seen in the other genera in the family Hemiphractidae.

Species

There are 20 Stefania species:^[2]

Stefania ackawaio MacCulloch and Lathrop, 2002
Stefania ayangannae MacCulloch and Lathrop, 2002
Stefania breweri Barrio-Amorós and Fuentes-Ramos, 2003
Stefania coxi MacCulloch and Lathrop, 2002
Stefania evansi (Boulenger, 1904)
Stefania ginesi Rivero, 1968
Stefania goini Rivero, 1968
Stefania maccullochi Kok, 2023
Stefania marahuaquensis (Rivero, 1961)
Stefania neblinae Carvalho, MacCulloch, Bonora, and Vogt, 2010
Stefania oculosa Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Stefania percristata Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Stefania riae Duellman and Hoogmoed, 1984
Stefania riveroi Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Stefania roraimae Duellman and Hoogmoed, 1984
Stefania satelles Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Stefania scalae Rivero, 1970
Stefania schuberti Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Stefania tamacuarina Myers and Donnelly, 1997
Stefania woodleyi Rivero, 1968

References

^ Rivero, J (1966). "Notes on the genus Cryptobatrachus (Amphibia, Salientia) with the description of a new race and four new species of a new genus of hylid frogs". Caribbean Journal of Science. 6: 137–149. 1966 is the nominal publication year, while the actual publication year was 1968.
^ ^a ^b Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Stefania Rivero, 1968". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
^ MacCulloch, RD & A Lathrop (2002). "Exceptional diversity of the genus Stefania (Anura: Hylidae) on Mount Ayanganna, Guyana; three new species and new distributional records". Herpetologica. 58: 327–346. doi:10.1655/0018-0831(2002)058[0327:edosah]2.0.co;2. S2CID 83496236.
^ MacCulloch, R.D.; A. Lathrop & S.Z. Khan (2006). "Exceptional diversity of Stefania (Anura: Cryptobatrachidae) II: six species from Mount Wokomung, Guyana". Phyllomedusa. 5: 31–41. doi:10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v5i1p31-41.