The church originated in 1900 when an iron mission church was erected on a plot of land in the parish of St Saviour in Markhouse Road, and a separate ecclesiastical parish was created for the church in 1901. The land for the church was donated by Richard Foster, a wealthy City of London merchant who had supported the building of several other new churches in the area; he also funded the construction of a permanent church building, church hall and vicarage,[1] intended to serve the residents of the new Warner Estate.[2]
In 1961 the parish of St Barnabas was united with that of St James the Greater Church in St James Street, Walthamstow, which had closed in the previous year and was subsequently demolished. A new chapel dedicated to St James was formed in the south aisle of St Barnabas, which included the altar from the former church.[1] In 1981, the church was given grade II* listed building status.[4]